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<p>This paper presents Lithuania’s first uninterrupted GDP per capita time-series in international dollars for 1940–1995, completing a continuous 1913/1919–2024 dataset. Gathering extensive published and archival sources and applying CIA-style national accounting methods, it fills an important gap in European historical statistics. The paper also establishes a replicable framework for reconstructing GDP in other Soviet republics, needed for regional economic analysis of the USSR and thus contributing to expanding economic historiography of the Soviet Union. The results reveal a catastrophic wartime decline, rapid post-war catch-up under Soviet rule, and a progressive stagnation from the 1970s onwards. Although detailed growth accounting is yet to be performed, growth in the 1950s and 1960s likely stemmed from the ‘advantages of backwardness’, reinforced by conditional factors such as coercive Soviet industrialisation, collectivisation, and inherited social capabilities. The Soviet institutions that facilitated early expansion across the socialist bloc, however, later suppressed innovation and adaptation there, arguably binding occupied Lithuania’s economy to the wider collapse of the socialist system.</p>

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Accounting for a Soviet republic: Lithuanian GDP time-series, 1940–1995

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Adomas Klimantas

摘要

This paper presents Lithuania’s first uninterrupted GDP per capita time-series in international dollars for 1940–1995, completing a continuous 1913/1919–2024 dataset. Gathering extensive published and archival sources and applying CIA-style national accounting methods, it fills an important gap in European historical statistics. The paper also establishes a replicable framework for reconstructing GDP in other Soviet republics, needed for regional economic analysis of the USSR and thus contributing to expanding economic historiography of the Soviet Union. The results reveal a catastrophic wartime decline, rapid post-war catch-up under Soviet rule, and a progressive stagnation from the 1970s onwards. Although detailed growth accounting is yet to be performed, growth in the 1950s and 1960s likely stemmed from the ‘advantages of backwardness’, reinforced by conditional factors such as coercive Soviet industrialisation, collectivisation, and inherited social capabilities. The Soviet institutions that facilitated early expansion across the socialist bloc, however, later suppressed innovation and adaptation there, arguably binding occupied Lithuania’s economy to the wider collapse of the socialist system.