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<p>The green nanotechnology for nanoparticle production may be said to be a vital revolution in the field of nanotech research, which has elevated physical and chemical methods of synthesis with limited productivity potential to greener bioinspired/catalysed, environmentally benign approaches using plants, microorganisms, and natural biomolecules. In order to clarify green nanoparticle (G-NP) synthesis mechanisms, biological efficacy, and toxicological effects, this review methodically finds, synthesizes, and critically evaluates original research studies using integrated T/P/M approaches. Following the PRISMA 2020 guideline, the review question was created using the PECO model. Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus were thoroughly searched. The completeness of nano-safety characterization and modified OHAT-SYRCLE criteria were used to evaluate the risk of bias. The included studies consistently reported oxidative stress, disruption of lipid and amino acid metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction as recurrent molecular responses following G-NP exposure. Biogenics capping molecules were directly linked to both synthesis efficiency and bioactivity by proteomic and metabolomic data. However, the primary limitations were a lack of sufficient nanoparticle characterization and a variety of methods. Standardization of nanoparticle characterization, reproducible multi-omics workflows, and AI-assisted data integration are expected to improve the reproducibility and translational potential of green nanoparticle research.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Integrative multi-omics approaches in green nanoparticle-based pharmaceutical research: a systematic review of metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic advances

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Hitarth Sah,
  • Amit Kumar,
  • Chin Wei Lai,
  • S. Sandhya

摘要

The green nanotechnology for nanoparticle production may be said to be a vital revolution in the field of nanotech research, which has elevated physical and chemical methods of synthesis with limited productivity potential to greener bioinspired/catalysed, environmentally benign approaches using plants, microorganisms, and natural biomolecules. In order to clarify green nanoparticle (G-NP) synthesis mechanisms, biological efficacy, and toxicological effects, this review methodically finds, synthesizes, and critically evaluates original research studies using integrated T/P/M approaches. Following the PRISMA 2020 guideline, the review question was created using the PECO model. Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus were thoroughly searched. The completeness of nano-safety characterization and modified OHAT-SYRCLE criteria were used to evaluate the risk of bias. The included studies consistently reported oxidative stress, disruption of lipid and amino acid metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction as recurrent molecular responses following G-NP exposure. Biogenics capping molecules were directly linked to both synthesis efficiency and bioactivity by proteomic and metabolomic data. However, the primary limitations were a lack of sufficient nanoparticle characterization and a variety of methods. Standardization of nanoparticle characterization, reproducible multi-omics workflows, and AI-assisted data integration are expected to improve the reproducibility and translational potential of green nanoparticle research.

Graphical abstract