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<p>Multifunctional nanomaterials have emerged as versatile platforms for diverse applications, such as energy storage and biosensing, positioning them in the forefront of global research. The present work reveals, synthesizes, and characterizes of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> supported pristine and Cu, Zn doped cobalt oxide (Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and its performance towards energy storage and dopamine sensing. XRD, SEM, and EDAX studies reveal the formation of particles ranging from 20&#xa0;to 85&#xa0;nm. Electrochemical analysis by cyclic voltammetry revealed a potential enrichment in current response and capacitive features compared to pristine g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>. g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> with Cu, and Zn-doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterostructures showed high specific capacitances of 200&#xa0;F/g and 134&#xa0;F/g at the scan rate of 100mV/s. The g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Cu, Zn -doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> sample exhibits the lowest solution resistance and charge transfer resistance, which is evidence of superior conductivity and capacitive properties. This improved performance is attributed to the synergistic coupling between g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4,</sub> along with the introduction of dopant-induced defects, which promote efficient charge transfer and increase the availability of electroactive sites. Furthermore, the nanocomposites demonstrated notable sensitivity toward dopamine detection, ranging from 1mM to 10mM with a sensitivity of 0.1801 to 0.655 µA/mM with a least limit of detection of (LOD) 2.75 mM. These results highlight that g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-supported Zn and Cu doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanostructures are promising candidates for high-performance supercapacitor applications as well as an efficient electrochemical sensing platform.</p>

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Supercapacitor and dopamine sensing studies on g-C3N4 crafted pristine, Cu and Zn cobalt oxide nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月13日

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  • Atchaya Sundararajan,
  • Balu Mahendran Gunasekaran,
  • Ananth Ariprasath,
  • Palathedath Suresh Kumar,
  • Sriram Subramanian

摘要

Multifunctional nanomaterials have emerged as versatile platforms for diverse applications, such as energy storage and biosensing, positioning them in the forefront of global research. The present work reveals, synthesizes, and characterizes of g-C3N4 supported pristine and Cu, Zn doped cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and its performance towards energy storage and dopamine sensing. XRD, SEM, and EDAX studies reveal the formation of particles ranging from 20 to 85 nm. Electrochemical analysis by cyclic voltammetry revealed a potential enrichment in current response and capacitive features compared to pristine g-C3N4. g-C3N4 with Cu, and Zn-doped Co3O4 heterostructures showed high specific capacitances of 200 F/g and 134 F/g at the scan rate of 100mV/s. The g-C3N4/Cu, Zn -doped Co3O4 sample exhibits the lowest solution resistance and charge transfer resistance, which is evidence of superior conductivity and capacitive properties. This improved performance is attributed to the synergistic coupling between g-C3N4 and CO3O4, along with the introduction of dopant-induced defects, which promote efficient charge transfer and increase the availability of electroactive sites. Furthermore, the nanocomposites demonstrated notable sensitivity toward dopamine detection, ranging from 1mM to 10mM with a sensitivity of 0.1801 to 0.655 µA/mM with a least limit of detection of (LOD) 2.75 mM. These results highlight that g-C3N4-supported Zn and Cu doped Co3O4 nanostructures are promising candidates for high-performance supercapacitor applications as well as an efficient electrochemical sensing platform.