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<p>Biocomposite materials are emerged widely in recent days primarily because of their lightweight, biocompatible, corrosive resistance and enhanced strength features. The present study focused on developing composite material by reinforcing the alkali-silane modified abaca fiber and betel nut husk powder and toughening the matrix by incorporating corn starch oil. This unique surface treated fiber and filler reinforcement along with bio oil utilization are evaluated in accordance to the ASTM standard for identifying their mechanical, thermal conductivity, wettability and antimicrobial properties of the composite. Among the developed composites, ECR4, containing 30&#xa0;vol% alkali and silane treated abaca mat fiber, 5&#xa0;vol% betel nut husk powder, and bio oil as a matrix toughening agent, demonstrated the highest overall performance in terms of interlaminar shear strength, fatigue resistance, and thermal conductivity. It achieved maximum v-notch rail shear strength of 24.36&#xa0;MPa and a fatigue life of 24,640 cycles under loading at 50% of its ultimate tensile strength. Thermal conductivity analysis confirmed its superior insulating property, recording a low value of 0.12&#xa0;W/m-K. Similarly, the contact angle measurement indicated a value of 82° for ECR4, reflecting enhanced hydrophobicity, primarily due to the chemical treatment applied to the fiber and filler. Additionally, the study assessed the antimicrobial properties of the composites against common bacterial strains, including <i>Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, using the disk diffusion method. Results showed a progressive increase in antibacterial efficacy with higher betel nut powder content. Notably, ECR4 with 5&#xa0;vol% betel nut powder exhibited the highest inhibition zones: 18.34&#xa0;mm for <i>E. coli</i>, 16.56&#xa0;mm for <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, and 15.19&#xa0;mm for <i>P. aeruginosa</i>.</p>

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Mechanical, thermal, and antimicrobial properties of betel nut husk and abaca fiber reinforced epoxy bio-composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Piyush Singhal,
  • Vinod Kumar Naidu Pamuluri,
  • Anoop Dev,
  • Shivam Khurana,
  • V. Mohanavel,
  • S. Ramesh,
  • N. A. Abu Osman,
  • Seeniappan Kaliappan,
  • Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar

摘要

Biocomposite materials are emerged widely in recent days primarily because of their lightweight, biocompatible, corrosive resistance and enhanced strength features. The present study focused on developing composite material by reinforcing the alkali-silane modified abaca fiber and betel nut husk powder and toughening the matrix by incorporating corn starch oil. This unique surface treated fiber and filler reinforcement along with bio oil utilization are evaluated in accordance to the ASTM standard for identifying their mechanical, thermal conductivity, wettability and antimicrobial properties of the composite. Among the developed composites, ECR4, containing 30 vol% alkali and silane treated abaca mat fiber, 5 vol% betel nut husk powder, and bio oil as a matrix toughening agent, demonstrated the highest overall performance in terms of interlaminar shear strength, fatigue resistance, and thermal conductivity. It achieved maximum v-notch rail shear strength of 24.36 MPa and a fatigue life of 24,640 cycles under loading at 50% of its ultimate tensile strength. Thermal conductivity analysis confirmed its superior insulating property, recording a low value of 0.12 W/m-K. Similarly, the contact angle measurement indicated a value of 82° for ECR4, reflecting enhanced hydrophobicity, primarily due to the chemical treatment applied to the fiber and filler. Additionally, the study assessed the antimicrobial properties of the composites against common bacterial strains, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using the disk diffusion method. Results showed a progressive increase in antibacterial efficacy with higher betel nut powder content. Notably, ECR4 with 5 vol% betel nut powder exhibited the highest inhibition zones: 18.34 mm for E. coli, 16.56 mm for K. pneumoniae, and 15.19 mm for P. aeruginosa.