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<p>Developing high-performance, easily recoverable photocatalysts remains a critical challenge in sustainable wastewater treatment. In this study, a novel self-floating alginate-based photocatalyst, Bent-gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Alg, was engineered by anchoring a Bentonite-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) composite into an alginate matrix via ionic crosslinking process. The novelty of this architecture lies in the strategic use of alginate and nano-Bentonite as a structural intercalator that prevents g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> agglomeration while creating a synergistic interface that dramatically narrows the bandgap from 2.46 to 1.91&#xa0;eV. This electronic modulation significantly extends visible-light harvesting and suppresses charge carrier recombination. Furthermore, the engineered buoyancy of the hydrogel matrix enables rapid, tool-free recovery from the water surface, avoiding the energy-intensive filtration or centrifugation required for conventional powdered catalysts. Physicochemical characterization using FTIR, XRD, UV-Vis DRS, SEM-EDAX, and BET confirmed successful composite formation and favourable surface morphology. Under visible-light irradiation, the floating photocatalyst achieved 97% degradation of Methylene Blue within 70&#xa0;min. Reusability tests over five successive cycles demonstrated excellent structural integrity and consistent performance, confirming that the Bent-gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Alg represents a novel, scalable, and eco-friendly platform for efficient solar-driven environmental remediation.</p>

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Eco-friendly fabrication of a floatable alginate-supported bentonite-gC3N4 photocatalyst for environmental remediation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月20日

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  • G. Syed Maroof,
  • MD Furqaan Valiyathur,
  • Mohammed Rehan Katiyan,
  • Anver Basha Kottur,
  • Z. Ansar Ali,
  • Mohammed Safiullah Sakvai

摘要

Developing high-performance, easily recoverable photocatalysts remains a critical challenge in sustainable wastewater treatment. In this study, a novel self-floating alginate-based photocatalyst, Bent-gC3N4/Alg, was engineered by anchoring a Bentonite-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite into an alginate matrix via ionic crosslinking process. The novelty of this architecture lies in the strategic use of alginate and nano-Bentonite as a structural intercalator that prevents g-C3N4 agglomeration while creating a synergistic interface that dramatically narrows the bandgap from 2.46 to 1.91 eV. This electronic modulation significantly extends visible-light harvesting and suppresses charge carrier recombination. Furthermore, the engineered buoyancy of the hydrogel matrix enables rapid, tool-free recovery from the water surface, avoiding the energy-intensive filtration or centrifugation required for conventional powdered catalysts. Physicochemical characterization using FTIR, XRD, UV-Vis DRS, SEM-EDAX, and BET confirmed successful composite formation and favourable surface morphology. Under visible-light irradiation, the floating photocatalyst achieved 97% degradation of Methylene Blue within 70 min. Reusability tests over five successive cycles demonstrated excellent structural integrity and consistent performance, confirming that the Bent-gC3N4/Alg represents a novel, scalable, and eco-friendly platform for efficient solar-driven environmental remediation.