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<p>The aim of the present study is to phytosynthesize the <i>Crassocephalum crepidioides</i> leaf extract-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (Cc-ZnONPs) and to evaluate their antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and wound healing potentials in L929 fibroblast cells and Wistar albino rats. Maximum absorption spectra at 350&#xa0;nm were observed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, and a hexagonal wurtzite structure of nanoparticles was determined by the XRD technique. FTIR confirmed the existence of various functional groups. FESEM analysis revealed spherical nanoparticles in shape and agglomerated into larger particles. EDX analysis validated that Zn and O were present in the Cc-ZnONPs. Cc-ZnONPs showed notable antibacterial activity against the test organisms, with the MIC values ranging from 0.03125 to 1&#xa0;mg/ml. The DPPH assay was used to assay the scavenging potential of Cc- ZnONPs, and the results showed that it has high antioxidant property with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 69.4&#xa0;µg/ml. The MTT assay revealed that Cc-ZnONPs were non-cytotoxic on the L929 fibroblast cells at lower concentrations with the IC<sub>50</sub> value of 77&#xa0;µg/ml. In vitro wound scratch assay demonstrated wound closure rates of 50.42% and 81.58% at 24&#xa0;h and 48&#xa0;h, respectively, after the treatment with Cc-ZnONPs, whereas it was only 17.21% and 41.4% in the untreated cells. The highest wound closure was obtained in the rats treated with Cc-ZnONPs (Group IV) and povidone iodine (Group II), showing 99 ± 1.7% and 98.3 ± 1.5% wound closure when compared to the control group (Group I), which exhibited only 71 ± 2.6% after 21 days of treatment. Histopathology analysis of tissues from the Cc-ZnONPs-treated group revealed a reduction in inflammatory cells, thereby preventing inflammation in the wound area, abundant collagen fibers, along with a thick and well-developed epidermis, which supports accelerated wound healing. Green synthesized Cc-ZnONPs demonstrated potent antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing properties, highlighting their potential applications in wound healing.</p>

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Phytogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Crassocephalum crepidioides leaf extract: insights into antibacterial activity and wound healing efficacy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Yumnam Asha Devi,
  • Prathiba Gnanasekaran,
  • D. Saravanan,
  • Arumugam Madan Kumar,
  • Haorongbam Joldy Devi,
  • Abdullah Mohammed Ayedh AI Adhreai

摘要

The aim of the present study is to phytosynthesize the Crassocephalum crepidioides leaf extract-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (Cc-ZnONPs) and to evaluate their antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and wound healing potentials in L929 fibroblast cells and Wistar albino rats. Maximum absorption spectra at 350 nm were observed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, and a hexagonal wurtzite structure of nanoparticles was determined by the XRD technique. FTIR confirmed the existence of various functional groups. FESEM analysis revealed spherical nanoparticles in shape and agglomerated into larger particles. EDX analysis validated that Zn and O were present in the Cc-ZnONPs. Cc-ZnONPs showed notable antibacterial activity against the test organisms, with the MIC values ranging from 0.03125 to 1 mg/ml. The DPPH assay was used to assay the scavenging potential of Cc- ZnONPs, and the results showed that it has high antioxidant property with an IC50 value of 69.4 µg/ml. The MTT assay revealed that Cc-ZnONPs were non-cytotoxic on the L929 fibroblast cells at lower concentrations with the IC50 value of 77 µg/ml. In vitro wound scratch assay demonstrated wound closure rates of 50.42% and 81.58% at 24 h and 48 h, respectively, after the treatment with Cc-ZnONPs, whereas it was only 17.21% and 41.4% in the untreated cells. The highest wound closure was obtained in the rats treated with Cc-ZnONPs (Group IV) and povidone iodine (Group II), showing 99 ± 1.7% and 98.3 ± 1.5% wound closure when compared to the control group (Group I), which exhibited only 71 ± 2.6% after 21 days of treatment. Histopathology analysis of tissues from the Cc-ZnONPs-treated group revealed a reduction in inflammatory cells, thereby preventing inflammation in the wound area, abundant collagen fibers, along with a thick and well-developed epidermis, which supports accelerated wound healing. Green synthesized Cc-ZnONPs demonstrated potent antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing properties, highlighting their potential applications in wound healing.