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<p>This work describes a sustainable biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) employing the aqueous <i>Lobelia nicotianifolia</i> (LN) leaf extract, followed by an extensive investigation of their physicochemical characteristics and multifunctional biological activities. The absorption spectra were initially confirmed the formation of SPR peak at 460&#xa0;nm. FTIR study demonstrated the presence of carbonyl, hydroxyl and aromatic groups in the plant extract played important roles in reducing and stabilizing the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis further verified the crystalline nature of the synthesized AgNPs, revealing a characteristic FCC structure and crystallite size is around 59&#xa0;nm. Morphological analyses using SEM, TEM showed that the spherical to polyhedral in form with minimal agglomeration, which was further substantiated by SAED patterns and EDS elemental mapping in the nanoparticles. DLS study showed an even particle size range10 to 100&#xa0;nm, while a value of zeta potential is − 18.5 mV verified good colloidal stability. Biosynthesized NPs demonstrated notable biological efficacy, exhibiting strong antibacterial properties against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, along with moderate antifungal properties. They also displayed potent larvicidal effects against <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>, with an LC₅₀ value of 0.89&#xa0;mg/L. In addition to their biological performance, the nanoparticles induced concentration-dependent DNA cleavage and showed excellent catalytic efficiency in the degradation of methyl orange, 4-nitrophenol and methylene blue, following pseudo–first-order reaction kinetics.</p>

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Sustainable biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles for calf thymus DNA binding, antimicrobial activity and photodegradation of organic pollutants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • S. Jayasree,
  • A. Mani,
  • B. Archana,
  • K. Naresh,
  • M. S. Suresh

摘要

This work describes a sustainable biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) employing the aqueous Lobelia nicotianifolia (LN) leaf extract, followed by an extensive investigation of their physicochemical characteristics and multifunctional biological activities. The absorption spectra were initially confirmed the formation of SPR peak at 460 nm. FTIR study demonstrated the presence of carbonyl, hydroxyl and aromatic groups in the plant extract played important roles in reducing and stabilizing the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis further verified the crystalline nature of the synthesized AgNPs, revealing a characteristic FCC structure and crystallite size is around 59 nm. Morphological analyses using SEM, TEM showed that the spherical to polyhedral in form with minimal agglomeration, which was further substantiated by SAED patterns and EDS elemental mapping in the nanoparticles. DLS study showed an even particle size range10 to 100 nm, while a value of zeta potential is − 18.5 mV verified good colloidal stability. Biosynthesized NPs demonstrated notable biological efficacy, exhibiting strong antibacterial properties against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, along with moderate antifungal properties. They also displayed potent larvicidal effects against Culex quinquefasciatus, with an LC₅₀ value of 0.89 mg/L. In addition to their biological performance, the nanoparticles induced concentration-dependent DNA cleavage and showed excellent catalytic efficiency in the degradation of methyl orange, 4-nitrophenol and methylene blue, following pseudo–first-order reaction kinetics.