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<p>A series of polypyrrole oligomers (PPOs)—MPMH, MPEH, MPTH, and MPCH—were synthesized via solution polycondensation of N-methylpyrrole and para-substituted benzaldehydes to systematically explore substituent effects on their structural, optical, and electrochemical properties. MPTH showed enhanced crystallinity via π–π stacking, while MPCH formed a honeycomb-like porous structure. Optically, MPCH exhibited red-shifted excitation and emission (394/513&#xa0;nm) due to a push–pull effect. The oligomers emitted violet (MPMH, MPEH), blue (MPTH), and green (MPCH) fluorescence, respectively. Electrochemically, substituents fine-tuned HOMO levels, giving band gaps of 2.0–2.4&#xa0;eV suitable for visible-light emission. This study clarifies the role of substituents in modulating optoelectronic behavior, supporting the design of functional polymers for electronics and sensing.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Structure and optical properties of polypyrrole oligomers prepared by solution polycondensation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Pan Wang,
  • Mengxue Zhang,
  • Jun Cai,
  • Zhixuan Chen

摘要

A series of polypyrrole oligomers (PPOs)—MPMH, MPEH, MPTH, and MPCH—were synthesized via solution polycondensation of N-methylpyrrole and para-substituted benzaldehydes to systematically explore substituent effects on their structural, optical, and electrochemical properties. MPTH showed enhanced crystallinity via π–π stacking, while MPCH formed a honeycomb-like porous structure. Optically, MPCH exhibited red-shifted excitation and emission (394/513 nm) due to a push–pull effect. The oligomers emitted violet (MPMH, MPEH), blue (MPTH), and green (MPCH) fluorescence, respectively. Electrochemically, substituents fine-tuned HOMO levels, giving band gaps of 2.0–2.4 eV suitable for visible-light emission. This study clarifies the role of substituents in modulating optoelectronic behavior, supporting the design of functional polymers for electronics and sensing.

Graphical abstract