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<p>In this work, we used the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 to test how well silver nanoparticles made from <i>Acacia arabica</i> seed extract (Aa-AgNPs) could fight cancer. The synthesized Aa-AgNPs was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV spectrophotometry. The SPR absorption band was observed at 422&#xa0;nm. The average particle size of Aa-AgNPs was found to be 121.7&#xa0;nm and the polydispersity index (PI) value was 0.214. XRD spectrum showed that Aa-AgNPs were crystalline in nature and in nanocrystalline form. FTIR profiling indicated the presence of different phyto-constituents in Aa-AgNPs, which are responsible for the reduction of Ag<sup>+</sup> into Ag<sup>0</sup> ions. The MTT assay showed that Aa-AgNPs inhibit PC-3 cell viability in a dose-depended manner. 17.32&#xa0;µg/ml was determined to be the IC<sub>50</sub> value of Aa-AgNPs. The antioxidant capacity of Aa-AgNPs was evaluated via ABTS radical scavenging method. The apoptosis in PC-3 cells caused by Aa-AgNPs was observed through fluorescence microscope by labeling them with the fluorogenic compound DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole). The treated cells’ nuclei had a lot of chromatin condensation, blebbing, nuclear disintegration, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. The nuclei of the untreated cells remained normal and undamaged, exhibiting only a weak and evenly distributed blue staining. The results indicate that Aa-AgNPs prepared from <i>A. arabica</i> seeds are good anticancer agents, and this study also opens a window for researchers to develop alternative anti-cancer drugs.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Anticancer potential of nano-engineered silver nanoparticle from Acacia arabica aqueous seed extract against a prostate PC-3 cancer cell line

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • P. M. Bhagya,
  • T. Shobha Rani,
  • T. P. Adarsh Krishna

摘要

In this work, we used the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 to test how well silver nanoparticles made from Acacia arabica seed extract (Aa-AgNPs) could fight cancer. The synthesized Aa-AgNPs was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV spectrophotometry. The SPR absorption band was observed at 422 nm. The average particle size of Aa-AgNPs was found to be 121.7 nm and the polydispersity index (PI) value was 0.214. XRD spectrum showed that Aa-AgNPs were crystalline in nature and in nanocrystalline form. FTIR profiling indicated the presence of different phyto-constituents in Aa-AgNPs, which are responsible for the reduction of Ag+ into Ag0 ions. The MTT assay showed that Aa-AgNPs inhibit PC-3 cell viability in a dose-depended manner. 17.32 µg/ml was determined to be the IC50 value of Aa-AgNPs. The antioxidant capacity of Aa-AgNPs was evaluated via ABTS radical scavenging method. The apoptosis in PC-3 cells caused by Aa-AgNPs was observed through fluorescence microscope by labeling them with the fluorogenic compound DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole). The treated cells’ nuclei had a lot of chromatin condensation, blebbing, nuclear disintegration, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. The nuclei of the untreated cells remained normal and undamaged, exhibiting only a weak and evenly distributed blue staining. The results indicate that Aa-AgNPs prepared from A. arabica seeds are good anticancer agents, and this study also opens a window for researchers to develop alternative anti-cancer drugs.

Graphical abstract