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<p>Polyaniline (PANI) thin films were successfully synthesized via electrochemical deposition on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates using varying concentrations of aniline (0.1-0.5&#xa0;M) to optimize their performance as supercapacitor electrodes. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of PANI, exhibiting characteristic molecular features. Morphological analysis by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed significant differences in surface texture with concentration variation. Among all samples, the film deposited at 0.4&#xa0;M aniline concentration (designated P<sub>0.4</sub>) exhibited the most favorable electrochemical behavior, delivering a high specific capacitance of 436.78&#xa0;mF&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> at a scan rate of 5&#xa0;mV&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup>. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further demonstrated a low equivalent series resistance (38&#xa0;Ω) and charge transfer resistance (16&#xa0;Ω), indicating efficient ion transport and electrical conductivity. These findings highlight the effectiveness of concentration tuning in enhancing the performance of PANI-based thin films, positioning them as promising binder-free electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications.</p>

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One-dimensional polyaniline nanoworms: binder-free electrodes for next-generation supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月14日

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  • Aruna Patil,
  • Girish Kamble,
  • Anita Tawade,
  • Kirankumar Sharma,
  • Jin Kim,
  • Dhanaji Dalavi

摘要

Polyaniline (PANI) thin films were successfully synthesized via electrochemical deposition on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates using varying concentrations of aniline (0.1-0.5 M) to optimize their performance as supercapacitor electrodes. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of PANI, exhibiting characteristic molecular features. Morphological analysis by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed significant differences in surface texture with concentration variation. Among all samples, the film deposited at 0.4 M aniline concentration (designated P0.4) exhibited the most favorable electrochemical behavior, delivering a high specific capacitance of 436.78 mF cm−2 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further demonstrated a low equivalent series resistance (38 Ω) and charge transfer resistance (16 Ω), indicating efficient ion transport and electrical conductivity. These findings highlight the effectiveness of concentration tuning in enhancing the performance of PANI-based thin films, positioning them as promising binder-free electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications.