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<p>Fatal human diseases arise from a diverse of microbial infections. Among these, <i>Candida</i> species pose significant challenges in healthcare settings due to their ability to transition morphologically from yeast to hyphal forms, form resistant biofilms, and cause co-infections with other bacterial pathogens. The increasing prevalence of drug resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents, alongside adverse side effects associated with these treatments, has heightened the demand for safe and effective novel therapeutic options. Plant-derived compounds are recognized for their potential therapeutic properties and may offer promising alternatives. This study investigated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties, and cytogenetic effects of hydroalcoholic extracts from <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> (lavender) and <i>Thymus vulgaris</i> (thyme). Treatment with hydroalcoholic extracts of <i>L. angustifolia</i> and <i>T. vulgaris</i> (100 µg/ml) significantly reduced the expression of key virulence genes (<i>SAP4</i>, <i>BCR1</i>, <i>EFG1</i>, <i>ALS3</i>) and inhibited biofilm formation in <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. tropicalis</i>. These effects are attributed to the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, and other functionalized phytocompounds, which effectively reduce biofilm formation and induce cellular damage in <i>Candida</i> species.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Overcoming antifungal drug resistance: potent antioxidant, antifungal, genotoxic, and antibiofilm properties of Lavandula angustifolia and Thymus vulgaris against candida species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Faisal Al-Sarraj,
  • Ehab Mattar,
  • Tahani M. Alqahtani,
  • Enas A. Almanzalawi,
  • Majid Al-Zahrani,
  • Nada Mahmoud Nass,
  • Albandary Nasser Alsaloom,
  • Mashail A. Alghamdi,
  • Ameena A. AL-surhanee,
  • Ahmed M. Abdulfattah,
  • Ibrahim Alotibi,
  • Ayman Jafer,
  • Rania Z. Ahmed,
  • Reem M. Farsi,
  • Alya Redhwan,
  • Bayan H. Sajer,
  • Mustafa M. Senna,
  • Raafat T. M. Makhlof,
  • Sawsan Abd Ellatif,
  • Elsayed S. Abdel Razik,
  • Amira A. Ibrahim

摘要

Fatal human diseases arise from a diverse of microbial infections. Among these, Candida species pose significant challenges in healthcare settings due to their ability to transition morphologically from yeast to hyphal forms, form resistant biofilms, and cause co-infections with other bacterial pathogens. The increasing prevalence of drug resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents, alongside adverse side effects associated with these treatments, has heightened the demand for safe and effective novel therapeutic options. Plant-derived compounds are recognized for their potential therapeutic properties and may offer promising alternatives. This study investigated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties, and cytogenetic effects of hydroalcoholic extracts from Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme). Treatment with hydroalcoholic extracts of L. angustifolia and T. vulgaris (100 µg/ml) significantly reduced the expression of key virulence genes (SAP4, BCR1, EFG1, ALS3) and inhibited biofilm formation in C. albicans and C. tropicalis. These effects are attributed to the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, and other functionalized phytocompounds, which effectively reduce biofilm formation and induce cellular damage in Candida species.

Graphical abstract