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<p><i>Andrographis paniculata</i> has been traditionally used in Asian medicine for treating respiratory infections, including tuberculosis (TB), due to its known antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. In the present study, we evaluated the antitubercular potential of crude extracts, chromatographic fractions, and an isolated diterpenoid compound, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> H<sub>37</sub>Rv and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Sequential extraction of dried plant material was performed using hexane, chloroform, and methanol, followed by bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of the active compound via column chromatography. Anti-TB activity was assessed using the microbroth dilution method in Middlebrook 7H9 medium, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined based on turbidity and the absence of bacterial cord formation. Among the crude extracts, the methanol extract showed significant activity with an MIC of 250&#xa0;µg/mL. The isolated compound exhibited complete growth inhibition at 125&#xa0;µg/mL against H<sub>37</sub>Rv, and at 125&#xa0;µg/mL, 62.5&#xa0;µg/mL, and 125&#xa0;µg/mL against MDR clinical isolates 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In comparison, rifampicin and isoniazid showed MICs of 1.0&#xa0;µg/mL and 0.1&#xa0;µg/mL against H<sub>37</sub>Rv but demonstrated reduced efficacy (&gt; 1.0&#xa0;µg/mL and &gt; 0.1&#xa0;µg/mL) against the MDR strains. This is the first report to demonstrate the anti-tuberculosis efficacy of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide. These findings support its potential as a promising therapeutic lead for the development of new drugs targeting drug-resistant TB.</p>

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Anti-tuberculosis activity of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata against drug-sensitive and MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Jelin Vilvest,
  • M. C. John Milton,
  • Alex Yagoo,
  • Kedike Balakrishna

摘要

Andrographis paniculata has been traditionally used in Asian medicine for treating respiratory infections, including tuberculosis (TB), due to its known antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. In the present study, we evaluated the antitubercular potential of crude extracts, chromatographic fractions, and an isolated diterpenoid compound, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Sequential extraction of dried plant material was performed using hexane, chloroform, and methanol, followed by bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of the active compound via column chromatography. Anti-TB activity was assessed using the microbroth dilution method in Middlebrook 7H9 medium, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined based on turbidity and the absence of bacterial cord formation. Among the crude extracts, the methanol extract showed significant activity with an MIC of 250 µg/mL. The isolated compound exhibited complete growth inhibition at 125 µg/mL against H37Rv, and at 125 µg/mL, 62.5 µg/mL, and 125 µg/mL against MDR clinical isolates 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In comparison, rifampicin and isoniazid showed MICs of 1.0 µg/mL and 0.1 µg/mL against H37Rv but demonstrated reduced efficacy (> 1.0 µg/mL and > 0.1 µg/mL) against the MDR strains. This is the first report to demonstrate the anti-tuberculosis efficacy of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide. These findings support its potential as a promising therapeutic lead for the development of new drugs targeting drug-resistant TB.