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<p>Micromixers are essential in microfluidic systems, with applications spanning multiple fields. This paper introduces an unbalanced electroosmotic microfluidic system, incorporating major and minor sub-channels with electrodes in the major channels. The finite element method is used to solve the governing equations, while the response surface method (RSM) optimizes the micromixer's performance. The study investigates how minor sub-channel size, electrode size and angle, inlet velocity (U<sub>in</sub>), and applied voltage and frequency affect the mixing index (MI) and pressure drop (Δp). The findings indicate that MI increases with applied voltage and electrode angle, and also with inlet velocity. It is revealed that MI reduces and Δp increases with U<sub>in</sub>. For instance, MI is reduced from 99.02 to 98.326% and Δp is enhanced from 4.66 to 18.380&#xa0;kPa when U<sub>in</sub> is raised from 1 to 7&#xa0;mm/s. Optimal values are determined for applied frequency and electrode radii. Six independent variables are chosen to optimize the micromixer by maximizing MI and minimizing Δp, leading to two correlations proposed via RSM for MI and Δp. The proposed micromixer is versatile and suitable for various applications such as biomedical diagnostics, chemical synthesis, and biochemical analysis.</p>

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CFD-based optimization of an unbalanced electroosmotic micromixer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月13日

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  • Ke Wang

摘要

Micromixers are essential in microfluidic systems, with applications spanning multiple fields. This paper introduces an unbalanced electroosmotic microfluidic system, incorporating major and minor sub-channels with electrodes in the major channels. The finite element method is used to solve the governing equations, while the response surface method (RSM) optimizes the micromixer's performance. The study investigates how minor sub-channel size, electrode size and angle, inlet velocity (Uin), and applied voltage and frequency affect the mixing index (MI) and pressure drop (Δp). The findings indicate that MI increases with applied voltage and electrode angle, and also with inlet velocity. It is revealed that MI reduces and Δp increases with Uin. For instance, MI is reduced from 99.02 to 98.326% and Δp is enhanced from 4.66 to 18.380 kPa when Uin is raised from 1 to 7 mm/s. Optimal values are determined for applied frequency and electrode radii. Six independent variables are chosen to optimize the micromixer by maximizing MI and minimizing Δp, leading to two correlations proposed via RSM for MI and Δp. The proposed micromixer is versatile and suitable for various applications such as biomedical diagnostics, chemical synthesis, and biochemical analysis.