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<p>A new procedure that is free of copper and palladium has been developed for the sequential synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-1<i>H</i>-pyrazoles using various <i>N</i>-acylbenzotriazoles, terminal alkynes, and hydrazine. In this process, <i>N</i>-acylbenzotriazoles react with terminal alkynes in 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, catalyzed by zinc chloride, to produce <i>α,β</i>-unsaturated alkynones. These intermediates are then converted into pyrazoles through an in-situ reaction with hydrazine. Additionally, the ionic liquid can be recovered and reused without significant loss of efficiency.</p>

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3,5-Disubstituted-1H-pyrazoles: sequential syntheses from N-acylbenzotriazoles, alkynes, and hydrazine in ionic liquid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月6日

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  • Khalid Widyan

摘要

A new procedure that is free of copper and palladium has been developed for the sequential synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-1H-pyrazoles using various N-acylbenzotriazoles, terminal alkynes, and hydrazine. In this process, N-acylbenzotriazoles react with terminal alkynes in 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, catalyzed by zinc chloride, to produce α,β-unsaturated alkynones. These intermediates are then converted into pyrazoles through an in-situ reaction with hydrazine. Additionally, the ionic liquid can be recovered and reused without significant loss of efficiency.