An inhibition potential on some metabolic enzymes (urease and xanthine oxidase), essential oil contents and antioxidant effect of Sideritis lanata L.

While people use the aerial parts of some Sideritis species as tea and sweetener, some species are used for medicinal purposes. In this study, anti-urease, anti-xanthine oxidase, and antioxidant activity of Sideritis lanata was determined together with the essential oil contents. The essential oil compositions were determined solid phase micro-extraction by GC/MS. The IC₅₀ value of the current study was found to be 41.420 µg/mL for inhibition of urease and 33.725 µg/mL for inhibition of xanthine oxidase. A total of 22 components were identified in the essential oil analysis. Spathulenol (24.63%) and Pentadecanolide (18.95%) in Sideritis lanata were identified as the most abundant essential oil compounds whereas Valeric acid (3.45%) and Palmitic acid (1.84%) were found as a major fatty acid. In the methanol extract of the investigated plant, the obtained total phenol content was 6.18 ± 0.42 mg of GAE/g. DPPH and FRAP values were determined as 61.44 ± 0.52 µmol FeSO₄/g and 0.61 ± 0.01 mg/ml, respectively. This study is important because it is the first one, which reports the determination of anti-urease and anti-xanthine oxidase activity for Sideritis lanata.