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Background <p>The impact of preoperative coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on outcomes after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) remains incompletely understood, as previous studies were conducted early in the pandemic, when viral strains and management differed.</p> Methods <p>Using the TriNetX database, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent MBS between June 2022 and December 2024. Patients with COVID-19 within 4&#xa0;weeks before surgery were propensity-score matched 1:1 with controls without prior COVID-19 based on demographics, obesity-associated medical condition, and laboratory values. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (i.e., pneumonia or acute respiratory failure), while the secondary outcomes included the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, other infections (i.e., surgical site infection or urinary tract infection), mortality, and emergency department (ED) visits.</p> Results <p>Among 34,652 matched patients, 30-day pulmonary complications showed no significant difference between the COVID-19 and control groups (odds ratio[OR]: 0.898, 95%CI:0.674–1.197, <i>p</i> = 0.4646). However, the COVID-19 group experienced higher rates of AKI (OR:1.407, 95%CI:1.087–1.823, <i>p</i> = 0.0093) and ED visits (OR:1.169, 95%CI:1.082–1.264, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Other secondary outcomes were similar between the groups. COPD, anemia, and old age were significant risk factors for pulmonary complications. Risk factors for AKI include chronic kidney disease, male sex, anemia, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases.</p> Conclusion <p>Recent preoperative COVID-19 was not associated with increased risk of pulmonary complications following MBS, suggesting surgery need not be delayed for this concern. However, enhanced monitoring of renal complications and post-discharge care may be warranted in patients with identified risk factors.</p>

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Impact of Preoperative COVID-19 on Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Bariatric/Metabolic Surgery: an Updated Analysis of TrinetX Databases

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月4日

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  • Yu-Jun Huang,
  • Chia-Li Kao,
  • Kuo-Chuan Hung,
  • Yi-Chen Lai,
  • Jheng-Yan Wu,
  • I.-Wen Chen

摘要

Background

The impact of preoperative coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on outcomes after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) remains incompletely understood, as previous studies were conducted early in the pandemic, when viral strains and management differed.

Methods

Using the TriNetX database, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent MBS between June 2022 and December 2024. Patients with COVID-19 within 4 weeks before surgery were propensity-score matched 1:1 with controls without prior COVID-19 based on demographics, obesity-associated medical condition, and laboratory values. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (i.e., pneumonia or acute respiratory failure), while the secondary outcomes included the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, other infections (i.e., surgical site infection or urinary tract infection), mortality, and emergency department (ED) visits.

Results

Among 34,652 matched patients, 30-day pulmonary complications showed no significant difference between the COVID-19 and control groups (odds ratio[OR]: 0.898, 95%CI:0.674–1.197, p = 0.4646). However, the COVID-19 group experienced higher rates of AKI (OR:1.407, 95%CI:1.087–1.823, p = 0.0093) and ED visits (OR:1.169, 95%CI:1.082–1.264, p < 0.0001). Other secondary outcomes were similar between the groups. COPD, anemia, and old age were significant risk factors for pulmonary complications. Risk factors for AKI include chronic kidney disease, male sex, anemia, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusion

Recent preoperative COVID-19 was not associated with increased risk of pulmonary complications following MBS, suggesting surgery need not be delayed for this concern. However, enhanced monitoring of renal complications and post-discharge care may be warranted in patients with identified risk factors.