Improvement in Pulmonary Hypertension Following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: a Brief Review and Meta-analysis

We reviewed the available evidence on the outcome of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Five studies examining 174 patients were included; the mean age was 54.5 ± 9.27 years; the mean BMI before surgery and at the end of follow-up were 47.2 ± 5.95 kg/m² and 37.4 ± 2.51 kg/m², respectively. Furthermore, the results showed a significant decrease in the right ventricle systolic pressure (RVSP) after MBS with a mean difference of 10.11% (CI 95%: 3.52, 16.70, I² = 85.37%, p =  < 0.001), at 16.5  \(\pm\) $\pm$  3.8 month follow-up with a morbidity rate of 26% and 0 mortality. Thirty-day postoperative complications included respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema, and anastomotic leak. There appears to be a significant improvement in PH with a decrease in medication requirements after MBS.