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<p>Although date seeds contain a variety of phytochemicals, their biological potential remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the phenolic profile and evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> L. seeds from the Algerian <i>Taqerbucht</i> date cultivar. Total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were quantified using colorimetric methods, and phenolic compounds were identified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity of date seed extract (DSE) was assessed using the DPPH<sup>•</sup> assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated <i>in vitro</i> using LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages and <i>in vivo</i> via carrageenan-induced acute paw edema in <i>Wistar</i> rats. DSE (aqueous decoction, 500&#xa0;mg/kg body weight, oral gavage) was administered, and diclofenac (5&#xa0;mg/kg, i.p.) served as the reference drug. The extract showed high levels of total phenolics (2.52 ± 0.0004&#xa0;mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (1.39 ± 0.0002&#xa0;mg CE/g DW), and condensed tannins (0.13 ± 0.0004&#xa0;mg CE/g DW). Catechin was the dominant phenolic compound. DSE exhibited potent antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.120 ± 0.008&#xa0;mg/mL<i>).</i> DSE significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), along with qualitatively reduced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. DSE administration to rats significantly counteracted the increase in paw edema, 56.88 ± 0.74%. Blood leukocyte analysis revealed modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMNs) percentages, suggesting a potential effect on inflammatory cell mobilization. These findings suggest that <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> L. seed extract holds promise as a sustainable source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications, with significant implications for the valorization of Saharan agri-food by-products.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Characterization of bioactive compounds from Algerian Saharan Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds and their anti-inflammatory modulation in RAW264.7 cells and paw edema models

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Wafâa Tehami,
  • Malika Bahiani,
  • Zeyneb Yousfi,
  • Lala Khaoula Oumari,
  • Rachida Mezaouli,
  • Amira Sayed Khan,
  • Aziz Hichami,
  • Naim Akhtar Khan,
  • Abdelhafid Nani

摘要

Although date seeds contain a variety of phytochemicals, their biological potential remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the phenolic profile and evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds from the Algerian Taqerbucht date cultivar. Total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were quantified using colorimetric methods, and phenolic compounds were identified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity of date seed extract (DSE) was assessed using the DPPH• assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vitro using LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages and in vivo via carrageenan-induced acute paw edema in Wistar rats. DSE (aqueous decoction, 500 mg/kg body weight, oral gavage) was administered, and diclofenac (5 mg/kg, i.p.) served as the reference drug. The extract showed high levels of total phenolics (2.52 ± 0.0004 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (1.39 ± 0.0002 mg CE/g DW), and condensed tannins (0.13 ± 0.0004 mg CE/g DW). Catechin was the dominant phenolic compound. DSE exhibited potent antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 0.120 ± 0.008 mg/mL). DSE significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), along with qualitatively reduced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. DSE administration to rats significantly counteracted the increase in paw edema, 56.88 ± 0.74%. Blood leukocyte analysis revealed modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMNs) percentages, suggesting a potential effect on inflammatory cell mobilization. These findings suggest that Phoenix dactylifera L. seed extract holds promise as a sustainable source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications, with significant implications for the valorization of Saharan agri-food by-products.

Graphical abstract