<p>Zinc fortification of wheat flour is an important strategy to address widespread micronutrient deficiencies; however, effective field-level monitoring tools are limited. This study reports the development of a simple, low-cost, field-deployable qualitative spot test for zinc detection in fortified wheat flour using Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone). The assay produces a distinct pink coloration upon complexation with zinc ions, enabling visual interpretation within 16–40&#xa0;s depending on the concentration. A standardized color reference chart was developed to support consistent interpretation by trained personnel. The visual detection threshold was established at 15&#xa0;ppm Zn with reproducible results across 10 replicates. Selectivity testing against common inorganic salts and metal ions showed no observable interference under food-relevant conditions. For confirmatory purposes, zinc concentrations (0–80&#xa0;ppm) in standard solutions and fortified wheat flour samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), which showed strong linearity with R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.9645 and 0.9575 for standard and flour matrices, respectively. The assay demonstrated consistent agreement between visual responses and instrumental confirmation. The proposed method provides a rapid and practical screening tool for monitoring the zinc fortification in wheat flour and is suitable for use in the flour mills, regulatory inspections and resource-limited settings, thereby strengthening the food safety and fortification quality assurance systems.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Rapid colorimetric assay for on-site verification of zinc fortification in wheat flour

  • Tauqeer Ahmad,
  • Zahid Mehmood,
  • Khurshid Ahmad,
  • Aurang Zeb Khan

摘要

Zinc fortification of wheat flour is an important strategy to address widespread micronutrient deficiencies; however, effective field-level monitoring tools are limited. This study reports the development of a simple, low-cost, field-deployable qualitative spot test for zinc detection in fortified wheat flour using Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone). The assay produces a distinct pink coloration upon complexation with zinc ions, enabling visual interpretation within 16–40 s depending on the concentration. A standardized color reference chart was developed to support consistent interpretation by trained personnel. The visual detection threshold was established at 15 ppm Zn with reproducible results across 10 replicates. Selectivity testing against common inorganic salts and metal ions showed no observable interference under food-relevant conditions. For confirmatory purposes, zinc concentrations (0–80 ppm) in standard solutions and fortified wheat flour samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), which showed strong linearity with R2 values of 0.9645 and 0.9575 for standard and flour matrices, respectively. The assay demonstrated consistent agreement between visual responses and instrumental confirmation. The proposed method provides a rapid and practical screening tool for monitoring the zinc fortification in wheat flour and is suitable for use in the flour mills, regulatory inspections and resource-limited settings, thereby strengthening the food safety and fortification quality assurance systems.

Graphical Abstract