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<p>Adsorbent pads used to control moisture in food packaging are predominantly made from synthetic polymers. These materials are generally non-biodegradable and can remain in the environment for decades. This research aims to develop and characterize biodegradable aerogel adsorbent pads from mangosteen peel waste, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and bacterial cellulose <b>(</b>BC) for active food packaging. <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> extract was obtained from 3 solvents, namely ethyl acetate, ethanol, and acetone with ratio 1:10 w/v. The aerogel composites were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, swelling capacity, color analysis, and antibacterial tested. The results obtained showed that the <i>G. mangostana</i>/CMC/BC composite had a compact morphological structure and high swelling capacity, with the ethanol-extract-loaded composite reaching approximately ~ 15,000%. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of <i>G. mangostana</i> peel extract into the aerogel matrix and highlighted the differences in chemical functionality based on the extraction solvents. Meanwhile, the results of the antibacterial test showed that the adsorbent pad with ethyl acetate extract <i>of G. mangostana</i> had the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> of 8.22&#xa0;mm, <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> of 7.37&#xa0;mm, <i>Escherichia coli</i> of 8.52&#xa0;mm, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> of 8.64&#xa0;mm. This shows that aerogel composites have great potential to be used as adsorbent pads in food packaging to prevent microbial growth, while further studies on mechanical performance and food applications are needed for commercialization.</p>

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Aerogel composite from G. mangostana peel extract/carboxymethyl cellulose/bacterial cellulose and its antibacterial activity for food adsorbent pads

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Ririn Nur Alfiani,
  • Putri Styaningrum,
  • Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih,
  • Nadia Udanti Suwanda,
  • Eka Noviana,
  • Anjar Windarsih,
  • Ria Suryani,
  • Ade Andriani,
  • Novitri Hastuti,
  • Dita Kristanti,
  • Yuniar Khasanah

摘要

Adsorbent pads used to control moisture in food packaging are predominantly made from synthetic polymers. These materials are generally non-biodegradable and can remain in the environment for decades. This research aims to develop and characterize biodegradable aerogel adsorbent pads from mangosteen peel waste, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and bacterial cellulose (BC) for active food packaging. Garcinia mangostana extract was obtained from 3 solvents, namely ethyl acetate, ethanol, and acetone with ratio 1:10 w/v. The aerogel composites were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, swelling capacity, color analysis, and antibacterial tested. The results obtained showed that the G. mangostana/CMC/BC composite had a compact morphological structure and high swelling capacity, with the ethanol-extract-loaded composite reaching approximately ~ 15,000%. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of G. mangostana peel extract into the aerogel matrix and highlighted the differences in chemical functionality based on the extraction solvents. Meanwhile, the results of the antibacterial test showed that the adsorbent pad with ethyl acetate extract of G. mangostana had the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 8.22 mm, Salmonella typhimurium of 7.37 mm, Escherichia coli of 8.52 mm, and Staphylococcus aureus of 8.64 mm. This shows that aerogel composites have great potential to be used as adsorbent pads in food packaging to prevent microbial growth, while further studies on mechanical performance and food applications are needed for commercialization.