<p><i>Syzygium cumini (L). Skeels</i>, it is an underutilized tropical plant rich in phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins, widely investigated in food and plant-based matrices for its functional and antioxidant potential. However, substantial heterogeneity in reported phytochemical yields and extraction conditions limits systematic comparison across studies. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate and compare the extraction methods and processing conditions used, but it limited systematic comparisons across studies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to critically evaluate and compare the extraction methods and processing conditions used to quantify and maximize phytochemical yield from different <i>S. cumini</i> tissues. The review was conducted with PRISMA guidelines, and data were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Methodological quality was assessed using the MINOR tool. Descriptive statistics, meta-analysis, and subgroup analysis were applied to summarize reported measurements and characterize method-dependent variability under different extraction conditions. Meta-analytical evidence indicated that <i>S. cumini</i> seeds generally exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, while fruit matrices were particularly rich in anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity. Among the evaluated techniques, ultrasound-assisted extraction generally performed better across tissues. Furthermore, optimal phytochemical recovery was most frequently associated with moderate extraction temperatures, intermediate extraction durations, appropriate solid-to-solvent ratios, and hydroalcoholic solvent systems. Overall, this review provides a measurement-focused synthesis of phytochemical extraction outcomes and establishes a comparative framework for selecting suitable extraction protocols in food analysis. These findings support a practical guidance for the development of functional ingredients, plant-derived phytochemicals, and natural colorants from <i>S. cumini.</i></p>