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<p>This research investigates the sensitive detection of doping agents in athlete fitness programs and the potential usage of grape juice as a viable health supplement through a novel sensing platform. A novel electrochemical immunosensor was developed by gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the detection of erythropoietin (EPO) as a doping agent. The structural and morphological analyses were confirmed to be a successful preparation of Au NPs/BNNSs modified GCE and immobilization of anti-EPO on Au NPs/BNNSs/GCE. Electrochemical analyses indicated a high selectivity and sensitivity immunosensor with a detection limit of 0.13&#xa0;pg/L and a wide linear range from 5 × 10<sup>–4</sup> to 10<sup>4</sup>&#xa0;ng/L. The immunosensor demonstrated excellent stability with only a 4.23% decrease in current response over 36&#xa0;days and good reproducibility. The immunosensor was successfully applied to detect EPO in grape juice and human serum samples, showing good agreement with the ELISA method and recoveries ranging from 97.40% to 99.85%, demonstrating its potential for real sample analysis in clinical diagnostics and the food industry.</p>

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Electrochemical immunosensor for erythropoietin detection in athlete fitness programs and grape juice using boron nitride nanosheet/gold nanoparticle

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月27日

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  • Baoqiang Yang

摘要

This research investigates the sensitive detection of doping agents in athlete fitness programs and the potential usage of grape juice as a viable health supplement through a novel sensing platform. A novel electrochemical immunosensor was developed by gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the detection of erythropoietin (EPO) as a doping agent. The structural and morphological analyses were confirmed to be a successful preparation of Au NPs/BNNSs modified GCE and immobilization of anti-EPO on Au NPs/BNNSs/GCE. Electrochemical analyses indicated a high selectivity and sensitivity immunosensor with a detection limit of 0.13 pg/L and a wide linear range from 5 × 10–4 to 104 ng/L. The immunosensor demonstrated excellent stability with only a 4.23% decrease in current response over 36 days and good reproducibility. The immunosensor was successfully applied to detect EPO in grape juice and human serum samples, showing good agreement with the ELISA method and recoveries ranging from 97.40% to 99.85%, demonstrating its potential for real sample analysis in clinical diagnostics and the food industry.