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<p>There is a growing interest in coloured rice varieties due to their rich aroma and an abundance of bioactive compounds. In this study, we performed a comparative metabolite profiling of white (IR64), red (IC540274), and aromatic black (Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi) rice varieties. Grain morphology analysis revealed three-four aleurone layers in the Chakhao cultivars compared to one in IR64 and IC540275. Proximate analysis revealed that Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi exhibited higher levels of proteins, lipids, and ash than IC540274 and IR64. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) revealed higher Fe and Cu in the Chakhao cultivars compared to IC540274 and IR64, with IR64 containing the highest levels of K and Mg, and Mn being highest in IC540274. Differences in starch granule morphology and apparent amylose content were also observed among the four cultivars. The Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and antioxidant activity were also higher in Chakhao cultivars, followed by IC540274 and IR64. Metabolomic data analyses revealed dissimilar profiles among the cultivars as portrayed by differential cluster patterns of metabolites in the PCA and PLS-DA scores-plot. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) showed higher concentrations of lysine and threonine in Chakhao cultivars compared to IR64 and IC540274. Chakhao rice also exhibits unique flavonoid profiles with abundant anthocyanins, especially kuromanin, while IR64 lacks anthocyanins. These findings improve our understanding of the pigmented rice metabolome and highlight Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi as potentially valuable dietary additions/alternatives for nutritional security due to their nutritional and nutraceutical content.</p>

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Metabolite profiling of rice with different pericarp colours unveils new insights into nutrients and nutraceuticals content of aromatic black rice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月11日

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  • Ramsong Chantre Nongpiur,
  • Akib Ali,
  • Jayram Bagri,
  • Sunita Upadhaya,
  • Babita Kumari,
  • Sushmita Barua,
  • Ashwani Pareek,
  • Nikhil Kumar Chrungoo

摘要

There is a growing interest in coloured rice varieties due to their rich aroma and an abundance of bioactive compounds. In this study, we performed a comparative metabolite profiling of white (IR64), red (IC540274), and aromatic black (Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi) rice varieties. Grain morphology analysis revealed three-four aleurone layers in the Chakhao cultivars compared to one in IR64 and IC540275. Proximate analysis revealed that Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi exhibited higher levels of proteins, lipids, and ash than IC540274 and IR64. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) revealed higher Fe and Cu in the Chakhao cultivars compared to IC540274 and IR64, with IR64 containing the highest levels of K and Mg, and Mn being highest in IC540274. Differences in starch granule morphology and apparent amylose content were also observed among the four cultivars. The Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and antioxidant activity were also higher in Chakhao cultivars, followed by IC540274 and IR64. Metabolomic data analyses revealed dissimilar profiles among the cultivars as portrayed by differential cluster patterns of metabolites in the PCA and PLS-DA scores-plot. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) showed higher concentrations of lysine and threonine in Chakhao cultivars compared to IR64 and IC540274. Chakhao rice also exhibits unique flavonoid profiles with abundant anthocyanins, especially kuromanin, while IR64 lacks anthocyanins. These findings improve our understanding of the pigmented rice metabolome and highlight Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi as potentially valuable dietary additions/alternatives for nutritional security due to their nutritional and nutraceutical content.