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<p>Electron beam (EB) irradiation effectively eliminates microorganisms in <i>Polygonatum cyrtonema</i> Hua but may alter its odors simultaneously. To investigate the impact of EB irradiation on the odor of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> Hua, this study employed headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and an electronic nose (E-nose) integrated with chemometric analysis for differential analysis of irradiated samples. Results showed that 60 volatile compounds were identified in <i>P. cyrtonema</i> Hua, with alcohols, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds constituting the main components. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and clustering analysis revealed that samples were classified into two groups with increasing irradiation doses: low-dose groups (3&#xa0;kGy, 6&#xa0;kGy) clustered with the non-irradiated control (CK), while high-dose groups (8–20&#xa0;kGy) formed another cluster. Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) screened 22 differential volatile components dominated by aldehydes, esters, and alkanes, demonstrating their high sensitivity to EB irradiation above 6 kGy. <i>The 6&#xa0;kGy dose threshold offers guidance for optimizing industrial-scale EB sterilization protocols in traditional Chinese medicine production</i>,<i> ensuring compliance with pharmacopeia microbial limits without compromising product sensory quality.</i></p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Effect of electron beam irradiation on the volatile components of Polygonatum Cyrtonema hua base on HS-SPME-GC-MS and E-nose combined with chemometrics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月22日

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  • Yongjie Lin,
  • Hai Xie,
  • Guixuan Hu,
  • Di Wu,
  • Xiaoming Chen,
  • Min Huang,
  • Peng Gao

摘要

Electron beam (EB) irradiation effectively eliminates microorganisms in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua but may alter its odors simultaneously. To investigate the impact of EB irradiation on the odor of P. cyrtonema Hua, this study employed headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and an electronic nose (E-nose) integrated with chemometric analysis for differential analysis of irradiated samples. Results showed that 60 volatile compounds were identified in P. cyrtonema Hua, with alcohols, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds constituting the main components. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and clustering analysis revealed that samples were classified into two groups with increasing irradiation doses: low-dose groups (3 kGy, 6 kGy) clustered with the non-irradiated control (CK), while high-dose groups (8–20 kGy) formed another cluster. Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) screened 22 differential volatile components dominated by aldehydes, esters, and alkanes, demonstrating their high sensitivity to EB irradiation above 6 kGy. The 6 kGy dose threshold offers guidance for optimizing industrial-scale EB sterilization protocols in traditional Chinese medicine production, ensuring compliance with pharmacopeia microbial limits without compromising product sensory quality.

Graphical abstract