Impact of different fats/oils on the techno-functional, rheological, fatty acid composition and sensorial properties of analogue mozzarella cheese
摘要
This study evaluated the impact of dairy and non-dairy fats on fatty acid profile, rheological, stretch, melt, oil leakage, color, and sensorial properties of analogue mozzarella cheese (AMC). The vegetable-based fats/oils used for cheese making were palm shortening (PS), hydrogenated palm kernel oil (HPKO), palm olein (PO), and canola oil (CO), and cheese made therefrom, were referred to as CPS, CHPKO, CPO, and CCO, respectively. The cheese made with dairy butter fat was treated as the control (CB). Compared to CB, fatty acid analysis of CCO and CPO showed very high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, i.e., 91.42% and 55.16%, respectively, contributing to AMC’s healthier lipid profile. In amplitude sweep tests, CCO and CPO showed better stability against deformation as evidenced by their wider linear viscoelastic regions coupled with higher phase angle values compared to CB, CPS, and CHPKO. The temperature sweep results showed insignificant differences in the first cross-over temperatures of storage and loss moduli among all AMCs, whereas the second cross-over temperature was not observed for CB and CPO suggesting that these AMCs will remain soft even on excessive heating encountered during baking. The use of non-dairy fats showed improved stretchability compared to CB and followed the order CPS>CPO>CCO=CHPKO>CB. The sensory results further confirmed that CPS, CPO, and CCO were more desirable than CB in terms of stretch and melt. These insights could help in the development of healthier and cost-effective AMC that could compete with natural mozzarella cheese.