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<p>In this work, essential oil was extracted from thymus (<i>T. schimperi</i> and <i>T. serrulatus</i>) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO<sub>2</sub>) extraction method. The effect of temperature (50–60&#xa0;°C), pressure (700–800 Psi) and extraction time (150–210&#xa0;min) on extraction yield was evaluated. The response surface methodology (RSM) with a Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. The triplicate data of the measurement was analyzed by IBM SPSS software version 26 and mean comparison between test samples were conducted by general linear model analysis of univariate method. The results indicated that the optimum conditions for extraction of essential oil from <i>T. schimperi</i> and <i>T. serrulatus</i> were: temperature 60&#xa0;°C, pressure 800Psi and extraction time 150&#xa0;min. The oil yield obtained at these optimum conditions were 1.22% for <i>T. schimperi</i> and 1.04% for <i>T. serrulatus</i>. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was performed to determine the chemical composition of the extracted thyme oils. Major compounds observed in <i>T. schimperi</i> oil were carvacrol (40.82%), thymol (30.95%), pcymene-2,5-diol (7.05%), 2,5-dimethyl-p-xylene (6.84%) and d, α-tocopherol (5.82%) while for <i>T. serrulatus</i> were thymol (43.89%), carvacrol (29.90%), d-α-tocopherol (13.84%) and p-cymene-2,5-diol (3.78%). The two species have shown variations in their oils content as reflected by 2, 5-dimethyl-p-xylene (6.48% in <i>T. schimperi</i> but none in <i>T. serrulatus</i>). In a similar way, yield of carvacrol in <i>T. schimperi</i> oil was higher (40.82%) than that of <i>T. serrulatus</i> oil (29%). These differences can explain the higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities observed in <i>T. schimperi</i> oil compared to that of <i>T. serrulatus</i>.</p>

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Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction and characterization of essential oil from Ethiopian thymus species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Yisgedu Asres,
  • Ariaya Hymete,
  • Habtamu Admassu,
  • Amare Ayalew,
  • Shiferaw Ayalneh

摘要

In this work, essential oil was extracted from thymus (T. schimperi and T. serrulatus) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) extraction method. The effect of temperature (50–60 °C), pressure (700–800 Psi) and extraction time (150–210 min) on extraction yield was evaluated. The response surface methodology (RSM) with a Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. The triplicate data of the measurement was analyzed by IBM SPSS software version 26 and mean comparison between test samples were conducted by general linear model analysis of univariate method. The results indicated that the optimum conditions for extraction of essential oil from T. schimperi and T. serrulatus were: temperature 60 °C, pressure 800Psi and extraction time 150 min. The oil yield obtained at these optimum conditions were 1.22% for T. schimperi and 1.04% for T. serrulatus. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was performed to determine the chemical composition of the extracted thyme oils. Major compounds observed in T. schimperi oil were carvacrol (40.82%), thymol (30.95%), pcymene-2,5-diol (7.05%), 2,5-dimethyl-p-xylene (6.84%) and d, α-tocopherol (5.82%) while for T. serrulatus were thymol (43.89%), carvacrol (29.90%), d-α-tocopherol (13.84%) and p-cymene-2,5-diol (3.78%). The two species have shown variations in their oils content as reflected by 2, 5-dimethyl-p-xylene (6.48% in T. schimperi but none in T. serrulatus). In a similar way, yield of carvacrol in T. schimperi oil was higher (40.82%) than that of T. serrulatus oil (29%). These differences can explain the higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities observed in T. schimperi oil compared to that of T. serrulatus.