First use of a multi-walled carbon nanotubes -nafion composite electrode for the quantitative analysis of edible mushroom polysaccharides in agricultural samples

This study demonstrated a unique method for quantifying β-glucan in edible mushrooms by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) and β-glucanase (βg) on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE)-Nafion composite. Utilizing the special qualities of MWCNTs and Nafion, the electrochemical sensor’s performance was improved. A sensitive and precise measurement of β-glucan was made possible by the sensor’s design, which made use of βg and GOx. βg-GOx/MWCNTs/Nafion/GCE were evaluated for their efficacy in determining β-glucan. The findings indicated that the βg-GOx/MWCNTs/Nafion/GCE reacted only to β-glucan determination and not to other substances that could interfere. Peak current changed in a manner that was exactly proportional to β-glucan concentration in the 1–181 µg/mL range; this suggests a sensitivity of 2.14808 µA/µg mL^− 1 and a detection limit of 0.7 ng/mL. By comparing seven identical biosensors made under the same circumstances, the suggested biosensor’s homogeneity was assessed. The biosensor’s repeatability was verified with a 4.40% relative standard deviation (RSD). Using edible mushroom samples, the βg-GOx/MWCNTs/Nafion/GCE was utilized and verified as a β-glucan sensor. Relative standard deviations of less than 4.88% and excellent recoveries ranging from 97.00 to 99.70% were obtained from the amperometric study. This confirmed that the results of βg-GOx/MWCNTs/Nafion/GCE for determining β-glucan concentration in edible mushroom samples were adequate and validated. The results of this study have the potential to greatly improve our knowledge of polysaccharides and how to use them in food science and agriculture.