Response surface methodology optimization extraction of polysaccharide from Tricholoma lobayense and its biological activities

The extraction of polar polysaccharides from the sporocarp of Trichicholoma lobayense (TLP) was optimised using a response surface approach. The extraction processing factors were optimised using RSM with Box–Behnken design (BBD). The ideal extraction conditions are as follows: 94.32 °C for the extraction temperature, 1.92 h for the extraction time, and 10.32 mL/g for the liquid-to-solid ratio. An experimental yield of 10.82%, which agrees well with the anticipated yield, was produced under the optimised circumstances. With a comparatively high concentration of uronic acids (14.23%), TLP had a protein and carbohydrate content of 3.36% and 79.50%, respectively. TLP showed potent in vitro antioxidant scavenging activity for DPPH, hydroxyl radicals, and cupric ions but only modest chelating ability, β-carotene bleaching inhibition, and ferric ion reduction power. The inhibitory effects of TLP against L929 fibroblast and B16-F10 murine metastatic melanoma cells were 72.21% and 77.07%, respectively, at a dose of 100 µg/mL. TLP enhanced macrophage phagocytosis, demonstrating immunomodulatory action. The results of this work will lay the basis for understanding the effective extraction of TLP, which may then be investigated as a possible antioxidant, anticancer, and immunomodulating agent.