Purpose <p><i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> is the most prevalent microsporidian parasite and has wide host diversity, including animals and humans. However, there are a limited number of studies on the presence, molecular epidemiology, and genotyping of <i>E. bieneusi</i> in camels worldwide. Currently, no data are available on the occurrence, distribution, and genotypes of <i>E. bieneusi</i> in wrestling camels in Türkiye. This study aimed to address the knowledge gap regarding <i>E. bieneusi</i> in wrestling camels in Türkiye.</p> Methods <p>In this study, a total of 110 fecal samples from camels in various provinces of Türkiye were investigated to reveal the presence of <i>E. bieneusi</i>, and the subsequent zoonotic potential of isolates was assessed at the genotype level by PCR-sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene region.</p> Results <p>Three fecal specimens were detected as <i>E. bieneusi</i> positive, and the overall prevalence was 2.72%. Further sequence analyses revealed a novel genotype hereby named camelEb from wrestling camels in the Aydin (<i>n</i> = 1) and Mugla (<i>n</i> = 2) provinces of Türkiye. In the phylogenetic analyses, the camelEb genotype clustered into group 6 with other genotypes reported from camels.</p> Conclusion <p>This is the first report on the presence of <i>E. bieneusi</i> in wrestling camels, suggesting that camels could also serve as a potential reservoir or carrier for <i>E. bieneusi</i> in Türkiye.</p>