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Purpose <p> This study presents the first mitogenome sequencing of Aviostivalius klossi bispiniformis and provides a morphological description, while evaluating the phylogenetic position of Pygiopsyllidae within Siphonaptera.</p> Methods <p>Morphological identification and imaging of A. k. bispiniformis were performed using a SZ2-ILST dissecting microscope, while its mitogenome was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 high-throughput sequencing platform. Bioinformatics softwares were used to annotate and analyze the structural characteristics and variations of the A. k. bispiniformis. Phylogenetic trees of Siphonaptera were constructed using both Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian analyses (BI).</p> Results <p>The mitogenome of A. k. bispiniformis was 18,669 bp with a high AT content (79.7%). In A. k. bispiniformis, the trnL2 (UAA) gene exhibits a 9-bp anticodon loop, and the nad4-nad4L gene overlapping sequence was 10 bp. Both ML and BI analyses revealed an unstable phylogenetic position of Pygiopsyllidae within Siphonaptera.</p> Conclusion <p>In conclusion, available phylogenetic analysis for fleas is subjected to partial taxa data and more taxa data is needed for further researches. This study promotes the understanding of evolution, genomics, and phylogeny of Pygiopsyllidae.</p>

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The Evolution of the Order Siphonaptera Inferred from the First Mitogenome of the Family Pygiopsyllidae

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月4日

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  • Xiaoxia Lin,
  • Ju Pu,
  • Wenge Dong

摘要

Purpose

This study presents the first mitogenome sequencing of Aviostivalius klossi bispiniformis and provides a morphological description, while evaluating the phylogenetic position of Pygiopsyllidae within Siphonaptera.

Methods

Morphological identification and imaging of A. k. bispiniformis were performed using a SZ2-ILST dissecting microscope, while its mitogenome was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 high-throughput sequencing platform. Bioinformatics softwares were used to annotate and analyze the structural characteristics and variations of the A. k. bispiniformis. Phylogenetic trees of Siphonaptera were constructed using both Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian analyses (BI).

Results

The mitogenome of A. k. bispiniformis was 18,669 bp with a high AT content (79.7%). In A. k. bispiniformis, the trnL2 (UAA) gene exhibits a 9-bp anticodon loop, and the nad4-nad4L gene overlapping sequence was 10 bp. Both ML and BI analyses revealed an unstable phylogenetic position of Pygiopsyllidae within Siphonaptera.

Conclusion

In conclusion, available phylogenetic analysis for fleas is subjected to partial taxa data and more taxa data is needed for further researches. This study promotes the understanding of evolution, genomics, and phylogeny of Pygiopsyllidae.