<p>Biodiversity has always been valued by ecology, Diversity is generally believed to lead to stability, and biodiversity is an important condition for ecosystems to maintain health. So what factors are related to forest ecosystem biodiversity, and what kind of forest structure affects and determines the size of biodiversity. This study proposes the concept of contained uniformity based on the theory of uniformity, and uses the convergence of contained uniformity to obtain the judgment model of the forest station pattern type. At the same time, it proposes the concept of forest ecosystem distance diversity, and uses the judgment model of the stand pattern type to derive the mathematical definition of forest ecosystem distance diversity. Combining the ecological characteristics of different stand patterns and measurement indicators of forest ecosystem biodiversity, the connection between forest ecosystem distance diversity and biodiversity is derived, and this is used as an indicator to evaluate forest ecosystem biodiversity. Forest ecosystem distance diversity, as an indicator of biodiversity, can not only conduct early assessment and prediction of the biodiversity of immature forests (forests in the early succession or recovery stage), but also provide a quantitative basis for forest structure optimization. Ultimately realize the sustainable development of forestry production and operation and biodiversity protection.</p>