<p>Industrial valve castings are complicated, frequently critical, constructs that often require welding repair during manufacture or after service degradation. Welding and machining of these complex geometries is difficult, especially on interior passages and sealing features. Improper repair welding practices can result in rapid, unexpected failure by a variety of mechanisms including fatigue, stress corrosion cracking, erosion, erosion corrosion, and many others. This paper summarizes and illustrates many of the particular features and concerns regarding failure analysis of welded valve castings. Familiarity with the various industrial valve specifications is necessary for analysts, and these standards are also discussed in depth.</p>