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<p>In order to reduce the failure probability of the universal shaft and enhance the overall life of the screw drill, the working mechanism of the three existing universal shafts is analyzed. The mechanical strength of the key structures of the universal shafts is calculated in this paper. The corresponding von Mises stress, contact pressure, and displacement change rules of the three structural models are obtained, the failure position of the universal shaft is found, and the theoretical calculation results are compared with the simulation structure to verify the rationality of the simulation and theoretical calculation structure. It shows that the stress concentration of the flexible shaft universal shaft is serious under the same load, and the stress concentration in the top transition zone is large, with an average stress of about 998&#xa0;MPa, which exceeds its yield strength. The deformation of the flexible shaft is also particularly obvious, with an average displacement of about 1.8–2&#xa0;mm, while the average displacement of the petal body is about 0.8–1.1&#xa0;mm, and the average displacement of the ball joint is about 0.8–0.9&#xa0;mm. The contact pressure of the ball universal joint is 21.63% lower than that of the flexible shaft, and its displacement is 45.16% lower than that of the flexible shaft. The stress value of the petal universal joint is 47.65% lower than that of the flexible shaft, and its displacement is 31.49% lower than that of the flexible shaft. The error between theory and simulation is between 5.8% and 6.4%, so the petal and ball joint universal joints show better stability and safety in engineering practice.</p>

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Study on the Failure Mechanism and Mechanical Properties of the Universal Shaft of Screw Drill

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Xiaochun Tan,
  • Yang Liu,
  • Gang Han

摘要

In order to reduce the failure probability of the universal shaft and enhance the overall life of the screw drill, the working mechanism of the three existing universal shafts is analyzed. The mechanical strength of the key structures of the universal shafts is calculated in this paper. The corresponding von Mises stress, contact pressure, and displacement change rules of the three structural models are obtained, the failure position of the universal shaft is found, and the theoretical calculation results are compared with the simulation structure to verify the rationality of the simulation and theoretical calculation structure. It shows that the stress concentration of the flexible shaft universal shaft is serious under the same load, and the stress concentration in the top transition zone is large, with an average stress of about 998 MPa, which exceeds its yield strength. The deformation of the flexible shaft is also particularly obvious, with an average displacement of about 1.8–2 mm, while the average displacement of the petal body is about 0.8–1.1 mm, and the average displacement of the ball joint is about 0.8–0.9 mm. The contact pressure of the ball universal joint is 21.63% lower than that of the flexible shaft, and its displacement is 45.16% lower than that of the flexible shaft. The stress value of the petal universal joint is 47.65% lower than that of the flexible shaft, and its displacement is 31.49% lower than that of the flexible shaft. The error between theory and simulation is between 5.8% and 6.4%, so the petal and ball joint universal joints show better stability and safety in engineering practice.