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<p>This work investigates the corrosion performance of 20# carbon steel, Q235 carbon steel, and 430 ferritic stainless steel in a dynamically simulated cyclic geothermal water environment. Upon exposure, both carbon steels develop layered iron (oxyhydr)oxide corrosion products that initially increase but later decline due to hydrodynamic scale spallation. The corrosion current density I<sub>corr</sub> of 20# steel ranges from 12 to 17&#xa0;μA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>, while that of Q235 steel is between 19 and 21&#xa0;μA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>. In stark contrast, 430&#xa0;stainless steel maintains a stable Fe matrix with no detectable crystalline corrosion products even after prolonged exposure, demonstrating high resistance to both general corrosion and scale formation, and exhibits persistently low I<sub>corr</sub> of 0.2 to 0.7&#xa0;μA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>. This superior performance is attributed to a dense, Cr-rich passive film that effectively suppresses anodic dissolution and blocks aggressive ion penetration. These results highlight the decisive influence of alloy composition, particularly chromium content, on long-term material durability and underscore the importance of informed steel selection for reliable, low-maintenance geothermal infrastructure.</p>

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Comparative Corrosion Performance of 20#, Q235, and 430 Steels in Dynamic Geothermal Water Environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月1日

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  • Liming Yang,
  • Bo Zhang,
  • Ziwei Wang,
  • Hongmei Yin,
  • Xiong Zhao,
  • Shuainan Guo,
  • Chuanqiang Li,
  • Yang Cao,
  • Jingru Zhang,
  • Changjian Yan

摘要

This work investigates the corrosion performance of 20# carbon steel, Q235 carbon steel, and 430 ferritic stainless steel in a dynamically simulated cyclic geothermal water environment. Upon exposure, both carbon steels develop layered iron (oxyhydr)oxide corrosion products that initially increase but later decline due to hydrodynamic scale spallation. The corrosion current density Icorr of 20# steel ranges from 12 to 17 μA cm−2, while that of Q235 steel is between 19 and 21 μA cm−2. In stark contrast, 430 stainless steel maintains a stable Fe matrix with no detectable crystalline corrosion products even after prolonged exposure, demonstrating high resistance to both general corrosion and scale formation, and exhibits persistently low Icorr of 0.2 to 0.7 μA cm−2. This superior performance is attributed to a dense, Cr-rich passive film that effectively suppresses anodic dissolution and blocks aggressive ion penetration. These results highlight the decisive influence of alloy composition, particularly chromium content, on long-term material durability and underscore the importance of informed steel selection for reliable, low-maintenance geothermal infrastructure.