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<p>This work shows innovative results of the heat affected zone of a quenched and tempered API X100 steel, specifically designed for small-diameter high-pressure pipes, obtained from multipass narrow gap welded joints produced by the GMAW process with rotating electrode. After welding, microhardness, tensile, and impact Charpy-V tests were used to determine the mechanical properties and their relationship with the microstructure observed by scanning electron microscopy and electron backscattering diffraction. The results showed that the GMAW process with rotating electrode can produce narrow gap joints with quality. They are free of sidewall lack of fusion, and show mechanical strength and impact toughness similar to the base metal due to the microstructure composed of low-carbon lath martensite and bainite, thus indicating that the properties are not impaired by the welding thermal cycle generated by the GMAW process with rotating electrode using different numbers of welding passes. These findings suggest that the applied procedure can be an advantageous option for pipe girth welding in the petroleum industry.</p>

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Heat Affected Zone of a High Toughness Narrow Gap Welded API X 100 Steel Joint for the Petroleum Industry

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Gilmar Z. Batista,
  • Victor M. Maia,
  • Vicente B. Trindade,
  • Matheus C. Mendes,
  • Luís Felipe G. de Souza,
  • Jorge C. F. Jorge

摘要

This work shows innovative results of the heat affected zone of a quenched and tempered API X100 steel, specifically designed for small-diameter high-pressure pipes, obtained from multipass narrow gap welded joints produced by the GMAW process with rotating electrode. After welding, microhardness, tensile, and impact Charpy-V tests were used to determine the mechanical properties and their relationship with the microstructure observed by scanning electron microscopy and electron backscattering diffraction. The results showed that the GMAW process with rotating electrode can produce narrow gap joints with quality. They are free of sidewall lack of fusion, and show mechanical strength and impact toughness similar to the base metal due to the microstructure composed of low-carbon lath martensite and bainite, thus indicating that the properties are not impaired by the welding thermal cycle generated by the GMAW process with rotating electrode using different numbers of welding passes. These findings suggest that the applied procedure can be an advantageous option for pipe girth welding in the petroleum industry.