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<p>This research focuses on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical behavior of cold metal transfer (CMT) welding-based wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) fabricated SS317L austenitic stainless steel. The microstructure of the as-built WAAM wall at top, middle and bottom locations was characterized by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis to determine the microstructural evolution during WAAM processing. EBSD results reveal that the wall exhibits an austenite phase fraction of 99.77% with average grain sizes of 382.1, 360.4 and 262.8&#xa0;µm and KAM misorientation values of 4.93, 4.54 and 4.85 at the top, middle and bottom regions, respectively. Along the build direction, the average microhardness varies from 202.9&#xa0;HV<sub>0.5</sub> (bottom) to 182.3&#xa0;HV<sub>0.5</sub> (top). Tensile strength along the deposition and build directions was 655 ± 10 and 672 ± 12&#xa0;MPa and the percentage elongation along the deposition and build directions was 30 ± 2 and 37.5 ± 1.5%, respectively. The Charpy impact energy was measured to be 60 ± 4&#xa0;J in the build direction, 68 ± 4&#xa0;J in the inclined direction and 64 ± 4&#xa0;J in the deposit direction. The fractured tensile and impact specimens revealed a ductile mode of fracture, which indicates excellent ductility of the manufactured WAAM SS317L component.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of SS317L Fabricated by Cold Metal Transfer-Based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Gurusamy Ulaganathan,
  • Hemant Kumar,
  • Nanda Naik Korra

摘要

This research focuses on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical behavior of cold metal transfer (CMT) welding-based wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) fabricated SS317L austenitic stainless steel. The microstructure of the as-built WAAM wall at top, middle and bottom locations was characterized by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis to determine the microstructural evolution during WAAM processing. EBSD results reveal that the wall exhibits an austenite phase fraction of 99.77% with average grain sizes of 382.1, 360.4 and 262.8 µm and KAM misorientation values of 4.93, 4.54 and 4.85 at the top, middle and bottom regions, respectively. Along the build direction, the average microhardness varies from 202.9 HV0.5 (bottom) to 182.3 HV0.5 (top). Tensile strength along the deposition and build directions was 655 ± 10 and 672 ± 12 MPa and the percentage elongation along the deposition and build directions was 30 ± 2 and 37.5 ± 1.5%, respectively. The Charpy impact energy was measured to be 60 ± 4 J in the build direction, 68 ± 4 J in the inclined direction and 64 ± 4 J in the deposit direction. The fractured tensile and impact specimens revealed a ductile mode of fracture, which indicates excellent ductility of the manufactured WAAM SS317L component.

Graphical Abstract