Scholarlink

<p>The utilization of waste materials in energy is a key component of sustainable growth and renewability. In the present study, the potential use of <i>Annona squamosa</i> seeds in production of biocatalyst along with calcined mussel shell for biodiesel synthesis is investigated. A series of processes, including carbonization, sulfonation, calcination, and impregnation, were used in catalyst preparation. XRD, FTIR, and SEM are utilized to characterize the catalyst. The physicochemical properties of the seed oil are examined. To achieve the highest biodiesel of 93%, the transesterification reaction is optimized by using a 9:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 1.5 (wt.%) catalyst, and a temperature of 65&#xa0;°C for 3 h at 500&#xa0;rpm. The catalyst was reused up to 90% efficiency for five sets. The fatty acid methyl esters of <i>Annona squamosa</i> seed oil is characterized by spectroscopic techniques like FTIR and&#xa0;<sup>1</sup>H NMR. The fuel properties of biodiesel from&#xa0;<i>Annona squamosa</i> seed oil are determined and compared with ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214 limits.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Biodiesel Production from Annona squamosa Seed Oil Using Seed Biochar/Calcined Mussel Shell/K2CO3 as Heterogenous and Green Catalyst

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

查看全文
  • Sangeeta Benni,
  • Sunita Patil,
  • Kirti Mehta,
  • Amol Mali,
  • Shaurya Hirlekar,
  • Vivek Dandage

摘要

The utilization of waste materials in energy is a key component of sustainable growth and renewability. In the present study, the potential use of Annona squamosa seeds in production of biocatalyst along with calcined mussel shell for biodiesel synthesis is investigated. A series of processes, including carbonization, sulfonation, calcination, and impregnation, were used in catalyst preparation. XRD, FTIR, and SEM are utilized to characterize the catalyst. The physicochemical properties of the seed oil are examined. To achieve the highest biodiesel of 93%, the transesterification reaction is optimized by using a 9:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 1.5 (wt.%) catalyst, and a temperature of 65 °C for 3 h at 500 rpm. The catalyst was reused up to 90% efficiency for five sets. The fatty acid methyl esters of Annona squamosa seed oil is characterized by spectroscopic techniques like FTIR and 1H NMR. The fuel properties of biodiesel from Annona squamosa seed oil are determined and compared with ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214 limits.

Graphical Abstract