Research on Plastic Deformation and Damage Modeling of 9% Cr Turbine Steel during Tensile Process at Various Temperatures Based on Crystal Plasticity Theory
摘要
A crystal plastic model is developed to describe the plastic deformation of 9% Cr steel under strain–rate loading at different temperatures. The results show that the model can accurately predict the mechanical response of 9% Cr steel in the temperature range of room temperature (RT) to 630 °C. The perception of temperature variation exhibits minimal disparity across different thermal conditions; however, the rate of temperature change over time demonstrates significant variability. This divergence in thermal dynamics results in substantial discrepancies in the mechanical properties observed at varying temperatures. The analytical results indicate that the occurrence of the ultimate strength point is advanced with increasing temperature. This phenomenon can be attributed to the microstructural degradation induced by high-temperature preheating, as well as the deleterious effects of thermal expansion during tensile loading. Furthermore, the damage model is constituted in crystal plastic framework to simulate the damage evolution and failure behavior during the tensile process under different temperatures. The simulation results demonstrate the emergence of a 45° shear strain band at 430 °C, which, upon analysis, is attributed to the escalating thermal expansion strain during the plastic phase. This phenomenon is essentially the consequence of the material’s spontaneous expansion under thermal influence.