Cherry Marble Powder’s Effect on Clay Soil Stability in Freezing Regions Based on Experimental and Advanced Artificial Neural Networks Investigation
摘要
Freeze–thaw cycles severely degrade clay soils in cold regions, threatening infrastructure stability. This study utilizes cherry marble powder (CMP), an eco-friendly industrial by-product, to enhance soil resilience. Experimental results show CMP increases unconfined compressive strength by up to 97.75% and reduces mass loss by 20-35% after 15 freeze–thaw cycles, with optimal performance at 21.5% moisture and 40% CMP. Remarkably, energy absorption improves by 25%, indicating enhanced toughness. To minimize experimental burden, a Bayesian regularization-based ANN model with a single hidden layer containing 14 neurons is developed, achieving exceptional prediction accuracy (R2 = 0.9959). This work pioneers the integration of sustainable waste valorization and advanced machine learning for soil stabilization, offering a dual innovation in environmental sustainability and smart geotechnical design. The findings provide a practical, data-driven framework for resilient infrastructure in freezing climates, reducing reliance on traditional, resource-intensive methods.