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<p>Nanocrystalline Co<sub>30</sub>Fe<sub>30</sub>Ni<sub>30</sub>Cr<sub>10</sub> (wt.%) powders were synthesized by high‐energy mechanical alloying for up to 48&#xa0;h and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution analysis, x‐ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement and vibrating sample magnetometry. Prolonged milling drove a progressive morphological transformation via severe plastic deformation, fracture and re‐welding, culminating in submicron refined particles. After 48&#xa0;h, the powders exhibited a homogeneous microstructure of rounded particles with an average size of ~ 0.84&#xa0;µm. X‐ray diffraction confirmed the complete dissolution of the elemental phases and the formation of two dominant substitutional solid solutions, bcc‐Fe(Cr,Ni,Co) and fcc‐Co(Ni,Fe), with a minor residual hcp‐Co phase. The crystallite size decreased to 7-18&#xa0;nm, while the microstrain level increased to 0.5-1.2%, accompanied by a dislocation density on the order of 10<sup>18</sup>&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup>. The calculations also showed that the grain-boundary volume fraction <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left( {f_{gb} } \right)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">gb</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfenced> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> increases with milling time, exceeding 30% after 48&#xa0;h, corroborating the nanocrystalline nature of the powders. Magnetic characterization after 48&#xa0;h revealed a soft‐magnetic response, with coercivity of 108&#xa0;Oe, saturation magnetization of 110.6&#xa0;emu/g and remanence of ~ 6.2&#xa0;emu/g, evidencing the interplay between nanocrystalline refinement and defect‐mediated magnetic behavior.</p>

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Magnetic Properties of Multi-component Alloy Co30Fe30Ni30Cr10

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月9日

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  • M. Bouras,
  • N. Loudjani,
  • T. Gouasmia,
  • R. Amraoui,
  • A. Younes,
  • N. Keghouche

摘要

Nanocrystalline Co30Fe30Ni30Cr10 (wt.%) powders were synthesized by high‐energy mechanical alloying for up to 48 h and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution analysis, x‐ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement and vibrating sample magnetometry. Prolonged milling drove a progressive morphological transformation via severe plastic deformation, fracture and re‐welding, culminating in submicron refined particles. After 48 h, the powders exhibited a homogeneous microstructure of rounded particles with an average size of ~ 0.84 µm. X‐ray diffraction confirmed the complete dissolution of the elemental phases and the formation of two dominant substitutional solid solutions, bcc‐Fe(Cr,Ni,Co) and fcc‐Co(Ni,Fe), with a minor residual hcp‐Co phase. The crystallite size decreased to 7-18 nm, while the microstrain level increased to 0.5-1.2%, accompanied by a dislocation density on the order of 1018 m−2. The calculations also showed that the grain-boundary volume fraction \(\left( {f_{gb} } \right)\) f gb increases with milling time, exceeding 30% after 48 h, corroborating the nanocrystalline nature of the powders. Magnetic characterization after 48 h revealed a soft‐magnetic response, with coercivity of 108 Oe, saturation magnetization of 110.6 emu/g and remanence of ~ 6.2 emu/g, evidencing the interplay between nanocrystalline refinement and defect‐mediated magnetic behavior.