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<p>Steel fibers play a critical role in improving the mechanical performance of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) and significantly affect its cost. This study investigates the effects of steel fiber shape and dosage on the mechanical properties and cost-efficiency of UHPC prepared using solid waste-based materials. Three types of steel fibers—straight, corrugated, and hooked-end—were incorporated at fiber volume fractions of Vf = 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9%. The results show that increasing fiber dosage and using deformed fiber shapes reduce the flowability of fresh UHPC, but significantly enhance compressive and flexural strengths. After 28&#xa0;days of curing, UHPC containing 0.9% straight fibers achieved compressive and flexural strengths of 113.45 and 20.7&#xa0;MPa, respectively. Hooked-end and corrugated fibers further improved compressive strength by 6.23 and 4.28%, respectively, compared to straight fibers. Compared with conventional cement-based UHPC, the solid waste-based UHPC in this study exhibited higher flowability, lower compressive strength, and comparable flexural strength at the same fiber type and dosage. An economic analysis indicated that straight fibers provided the best overall cost efficiency, with a cost of approximately $1.57-$2.07 per MPa of compressive strength at 28&#xa0;days. Hooked-end fibers provided higher strength enhancement at low dosage (e.g., $1.25 per MPa at 0.3% Vf), but became less economical at higher contents. Corrugated fibers showed the lowest cost efficiency, ranging from $3.05 to $6.35 per MPa. These findings highlight the trade-off between performance and cost, providing guidance for fiber selection in solid waste-based UHPC applications.</p>

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The Effect of Steel Fibers on Solid Waste-Based Ultra-High-Performance Concrete: Mechanical Properties and Economic Feasibility

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Hocine Heraiz,
  • Jiajie Li,
  • Xinli Mu,
  • Amer Baras,
  • Hongbin Chen,
  • Jinhai Liu,
  • Yunyun Li,
  • Siqi Zhang,
  • Sitao Zhu,
  • Wen Ni,
  • Michael Hitch

摘要

Steel fibers play a critical role in improving the mechanical performance of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) and significantly affect its cost. This study investigates the effects of steel fiber shape and dosage on the mechanical properties and cost-efficiency of UHPC prepared using solid waste-based materials. Three types of steel fibers—straight, corrugated, and hooked-end—were incorporated at fiber volume fractions of Vf = 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9%. The results show that increasing fiber dosage and using deformed fiber shapes reduce the flowability of fresh UHPC, but significantly enhance compressive and flexural strengths. After 28 days of curing, UHPC containing 0.9% straight fibers achieved compressive and flexural strengths of 113.45 and 20.7 MPa, respectively. Hooked-end and corrugated fibers further improved compressive strength by 6.23 and 4.28%, respectively, compared to straight fibers. Compared with conventional cement-based UHPC, the solid waste-based UHPC in this study exhibited higher flowability, lower compressive strength, and comparable flexural strength at the same fiber type and dosage. An economic analysis indicated that straight fibers provided the best overall cost efficiency, with a cost of approximately $1.57-$2.07 per MPa of compressive strength at 28 days. Hooked-end fibers provided higher strength enhancement at low dosage (e.g., $1.25 per MPa at 0.3% Vf), but became less economical at higher contents. Corrugated fibers showed the lowest cost efficiency, ranging from $3.05 to $6.35 per MPa. These findings highlight the trade-off between performance and cost, providing guidance for fiber selection in solid waste-based UHPC applications.