<p>Thermal oxidation (TO) coatings are employed in various industrial applications to enhance surface hardness, reduce wear, and improve the tribological behavior of components operating under high temperatures and friction. It is also used in cutting tools, medical devices, and power generation equipment to enhance durability and reduce maintenance needs. In the present work, the influence of counterbody material on the sliding wear behavior of TO-treated Ti6Al4V at room temperature (RT) and 450°C was investigated. Sliding wear tests were performed using two counterbody materials: alumina and Ti6Al4V. In case of untreated (UC) samples, higher coefficient of friction (CoF) values were observed when tested against the Ti6Al4V counterbody at both test temperatures. For TO-treated samples, higher CoF values were obtained when tested against the alumina counterbody at RT, while at 450 °C, higher CoF values were obtained against the Ti6Al4V counterbody. The TO-treated samples exhibited improved wear resistance over untreated samples at both test temperatures, irrespective of the counterbody. In TO-treated samples, higher wear loss was observed against the Ti6Al4V counterbody at RT, while at 450 °C high wear loss was observed against the alumina. The improved sliding wear behavior of TO-treated samples was mainly due to the presence and retention of a hard oxide layer.</p>