<p>Aiming at the problem of insufficient wear resistance of ZL109 aluminum alloy piston material in poor oil lubrication environment, a friction reduction and wear resistance method based on microarc oxidation (MAO) ceramic layer surface modification and MoS₂ addition in lubricating oil was proposed. By adjusting the increasing frequency of MAO power supply were investigated by the control variable method. The microstructure, thickness, porosity and average pore size of the ceramic layer were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, ImageJ software, optical profilometer and x-ray diffractometer. Then, amino functional groups were introduced on the surface of the ceramic layer by amination treatment. The surface-modified ceramic layer was detected by infrared spectrometer, and the amino functional group was successfully grafted on the surface of the ceramic layer. Combined with the lubricating oil containing MoS₂, a stable chemical adsorption film of MoS₂ at the friction interface was formed at the friction and wear scratches. The main result is that the change of the power frequency affects the growth process of the ceramic layer by changing the total effective working time in a single pulse current cycle, and the total time is shortened when the frequency increases. The thickness, surface hardness, surface roughness, average pore diameter and average porosity of the ceramic layer will show a corresponding change trend with the reaction intensity. When the frequency reaches a certain value, the ceramic layer exhibits excellent bonding strength. The bonding strength represents the bonding state between the ceramic layer and the substrate and the strength of the layer itself. This study provides a new idea for the friction reduction and wear resistance of key engine components under extreme conditions.</p>