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<p>Orthopedic grade stainless steel 316L (SS-316L) is commonly used in biomedical implants due to its high biocompatibility, mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. However, surface integrity plays a critical role in minimizing wear, improving osseointegration and reducing post-implantation complications. Traditional finishing techniques often struggle to finish complex geometries and may introduce surface defects. Abrasive flow finishing (AFF) is a non-traditional finishing process which offers uniform and controlled surface refinement using a viscoelastic abrasive laden medium. This work presents a systematic investigation into the AFF-based surface finishing of SS-316L orthopedic implants. A new abrasive flow finishing setup and fixture were designed and developed to direct the abrasive media through SS-316L orthopedic implants. A full factorial design was used for evolution of influence parameters extrusion pressure, number of cycles and abrasive particle size and their interactions on %Δ<i>R</i><sub><i>a</i></sub> and %ΔMR. In this study, results revealed that extrusion pressure was most influenced parameter effecting %Δ<i>R</i><sub><i>a</i></sub> and %ΔMR. The optimum conditions of 40&#xa0;bar pressure, 600 number of cycles and 180&#xa0;µm silicon carbide yielded a surface roughness (R<sub>a</sub>) of 0.08 and %Δ<i>R</i><sub><i>a</i></sub> is 89.418% and %ΔMR is 10.55%. Corrosion testing confirmed a better improvement in corrosion rate, and minimal surface deviations were recorded and validated the dimensional accuracy of the AFF process.</p>

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Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Abrasive Flow Finishing on Complex Orthopedic SS-316L Implants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Bhukya Shobhan,
  • Vankudothu Prem Kumar,
  • Gudipadu Venkatesh,
  • Vamsi Krishna Pasam

摘要

Orthopedic grade stainless steel 316L (SS-316L) is commonly used in biomedical implants due to its high biocompatibility, mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. However, surface integrity plays a critical role in minimizing wear, improving osseointegration and reducing post-implantation complications. Traditional finishing techniques often struggle to finish complex geometries and may introduce surface defects. Abrasive flow finishing (AFF) is a non-traditional finishing process which offers uniform and controlled surface refinement using a viscoelastic abrasive laden medium. This work presents a systematic investigation into the AFF-based surface finishing of SS-316L orthopedic implants. A new abrasive flow finishing setup and fixture were designed and developed to direct the abrasive media through SS-316L orthopedic implants. A full factorial design was used for evolution of influence parameters extrusion pressure, number of cycles and abrasive particle size and their interactions on %ΔRa and %ΔMR. In this study, results revealed that extrusion pressure was most influenced parameter effecting %ΔRa and %ΔMR. The optimum conditions of 40 bar pressure, 600 number of cycles and 180 µm silicon carbide yielded a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.08 and %ΔRa is 89.418% and %ΔMR is 10.55%. Corrosion testing confirmed a better improvement in corrosion rate, and minimal surface deviations were recorded and validated the dimensional accuracy of the AFF process.