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<p>To improve the wear resistance of TC4 titanium alloy, this study successfully fabricated a high-thickness (5.3&#xa0;mm) TC4/Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> composite additive layer on its surface using laser additive manufacturing technology. The results indicate that the additive layer has a dense and uniform microstructure without crack defects. Microstructural analysis reveals that the additive layer exhibits regional characteristics: The upper region consists of the α-Ti matrix phase, in situ synthesized spherical TiC grains, and lamellar TiC/Cr<sub>2</sub>Ti eutectic strengthening phases; the lower region is dominated by the α-Ti matrix phase and lamellar TiC grain strengthening phases. This microstructural difference results in a gradient distribution of hardness, with an average hardness of 410HV in the upper region and an increased average hardness of 480HV in the lower region, attributed to the transformation of strengthening phases and the solid solution effect of Cr. Studies on friction and wear performance show that the additive layer exhibits the best wear resistance under a 50N load. Its wear rate is only 0.55 times and 0.75 times that under 10N and 25N loads, respectively, and its average coefficient of friction also decreased to 0.64 times and 0.87 times that under 10N and 25N loads, respectively. The wear mechanism evolves with the applied load: at a low load of 10N, abrasive wear and fatigue wear dominate; when the load increases to 25N, it evolves into typical abrasive wear; at a high load of 50N, only slight abrasive wear occurs, with the formation of a surface oxide film playing a key protective role.</p>

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Performance Study of High-Thickness Ti-Based Wear-Resistant Coatings Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing on Titanium Alloy Surface

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Xiaohan Zhang,
  • Yifei Wang,
  • Yanjiao Hu,
  • Jixiu Wu,
  • Ming Pang

摘要

To improve the wear resistance of TC4 titanium alloy, this study successfully fabricated a high-thickness (5.3 mm) TC4/Cr3C2 composite additive layer on its surface using laser additive manufacturing technology. The results indicate that the additive layer has a dense and uniform microstructure without crack defects. Microstructural analysis reveals that the additive layer exhibits regional characteristics: The upper region consists of the α-Ti matrix phase, in situ synthesized spherical TiC grains, and lamellar TiC/Cr2Ti eutectic strengthening phases; the lower region is dominated by the α-Ti matrix phase and lamellar TiC grain strengthening phases. This microstructural difference results in a gradient distribution of hardness, with an average hardness of 410HV in the upper region and an increased average hardness of 480HV in the lower region, attributed to the transformation of strengthening phases and the solid solution effect of Cr. Studies on friction and wear performance show that the additive layer exhibits the best wear resistance under a 50N load. Its wear rate is only 0.55 times and 0.75 times that under 10N and 25N loads, respectively, and its average coefficient of friction also decreased to 0.64 times and 0.87 times that under 10N and 25N loads, respectively. The wear mechanism evolves with the applied load: at a low load of 10N, abrasive wear and fatigue wear dominate; when the load increases to 25N, it evolves into typical abrasive wear; at a high load of 50N, only slight abrasive wear occurs, with the formation of a surface oxide film playing a key protective role.