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<p>The performance of carbon nanomaterial-reinforced titanium matrix composites primarily depends on the structure of the two-phase interface. However, the wetting behavior and interfacial reaction mechanisms between the two remain poorly understood. The wetting behavior of Ti6Al4V alloys on graphite substrate reveals that the contact angle decreases with increasing temperature due to enhanced reaction wetting and melt diffusion. However, at elevated temperatures, the formation of a continuous TiC<sub><i>x</i></sub> barrier layer at the interface ultimately inhibits further melt diffusion. This limitation can be mitigated by adding 3 wt.% Si, which reacts with TiC<sub><i>x</i></sub> to form a discontinuous Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub> + TiC<sub><i>x</i></sub> composite layer, disrupting barrier continuity and enabling deeper melt penetration. In a different manner, the addition of Cu significantly improves wettability attributed to its ability to lower the melting point of the titanium alloy and promote the formation of Cu-rich conduits along the interface. These findings provide important insights for designing titanium matrix composites with controllable interface properties to enhance performance.</p>

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Effect of Si and Cu Additions on Wetting Behaviors in Titanium Alloy/Graphite Substrate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Jianhua Bai,
  • Tingyi Yan,
  • Biao Li,
  • Xudong Yuan,
  • Mingyue Wen,
  • Long Zhang

摘要

The performance of carbon nanomaterial-reinforced titanium matrix composites primarily depends on the structure of the two-phase interface. However, the wetting behavior and interfacial reaction mechanisms between the two remain poorly understood. The wetting behavior of Ti6Al4V alloys on graphite substrate reveals that the contact angle decreases with increasing temperature due to enhanced reaction wetting and melt diffusion. However, at elevated temperatures, the formation of a continuous TiCx barrier layer at the interface ultimately inhibits further melt diffusion. This limitation can be mitigated by adding 3 wt.% Si, which reacts with TiCx to form a discontinuous Ti3SiC2 + TiCx composite layer, disrupting barrier continuity and enabling deeper melt penetration. In a different manner, the addition of Cu significantly improves wettability attributed to its ability to lower the melting point of the titanium alloy and promote the formation of Cu-rich conduits along the interface. These findings provide important insights for designing titanium matrix composites with controllable interface properties to enhance performance.