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<p>This study examines the impact of building chamber temperature on the tensile strength and impact toughness of acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA) material fabricated using fused filament fabrication (FFF) or fused deposition modeling (FDM). Specimens were printed at building chamber temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C. Mechanical testing was conducted by ASTM D638 (tensile strength) and ASTM D256 (impact toughness). The results show that at a building chamber temperature of 50 °C, the printed specimens achieved the highest average tensile strength of 32.18 MPa. When the building chamber temperature increased to 60 °C and 70 °C, the tensile strength decreased significantly to 26.26 MPa and 24.46 MPa, respectively, which are lower than at 40 °C (27.96 MPa). Besides, when the temperature increased from 40 °C to 50 °C, the average impact toughness rose significantly from 10.20 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> to 13.71 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>. However, as the temperature continued to rise to 60 °C and 70 °C, the impact toughness decreased to 9.38 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> and 8.25 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Microstructural analysis revealed good interlayer adhesion and minimal delamination at 50 °C. When the temperature increased to 60 °C and 70 °C, both mechanical properties declined notably. A second-order regression analysis confirmed that both tensile strength and impact toughness reached their peaks around 50 °C. Based on these findings, the study indicates that the building chamber temperature has a significant and nonlinear effect on the mechanical properties of ASA. The authors recommend using a building chamber temperature of approximately 50 °C as the optimal condition to enhance the mechanical performance of ASA parts produced by FFF/FDM. Although the building chamber temperature is a crucial parameter for controlling shrinkage and enhancing interlayer bonding for thermally sensitive materials like ASA, this factor has not been thoroughly investigated. Indeed, there is still almost no research on the influence of printing environment temperature on the quality of 3D-printed products using the FDM method. This study aims to fill that research gap, confirming that the building chamber temperature has a significant and nonlinear effect on the mechanical properties of ASA, where low ambient temperatures may lead to poor interlayer adhesion and excessively high temperatures can cause deformation or reduced structural stability.</p>

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Effect of Building Chamber Temperatures on the Tensile Strength and Impact Toughness of Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate Material by Fused Filament Fabrication/Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Nguyen Thanh Tan,
  • Nguyen Van Kiet,
  • Tran Quoc Thai,
  • Nguyen Tan Buu,
  • Pham Thi Hong Nga,
  • Nguyen Van Thuc,
  • Nguyen Khac Nhan,
  • Nguyen Vinh Tien

摘要

This study examines the impact of building chamber temperature on the tensile strength and impact toughness of acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA) material fabricated using fused filament fabrication (FFF) or fused deposition modeling (FDM). Specimens were printed at building chamber temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C. Mechanical testing was conducted by ASTM D638 (tensile strength) and ASTM D256 (impact toughness). The results show that at a building chamber temperature of 50 °C, the printed specimens achieved the highest average tensile strength of 32.18 MPa. When the building chamber temperature increased to 60 °C and 70 °C, the tensile strength decreased significantly to 26.26 MPa and 24.46 MPa, respectively, which are lower than at 40 °C (27.96 MPa). Besides, when the temperature increased from 40 °C to 50 °C, the average impact toughness rose significantly from 10.20 kJ/m2 to 13.71 kJ/m2. However, as the temperature continued to rise to 60 °C and 70 °C, the impact toughness decreased to 9.38 kJ/m2 and 8.25 kJ/m2, respectively. Microstructural analysis revealed good interlayer adhesion and minimal delamination at 50 °C. When the temperature increased to 60 °C and 70 °C, both mechanical properties declined notably. A second-order regression analysis confirmed that both tensile strength and impact toughness reached their peaks around 50 °C. Based on these findings, the study indicates that the building chamber temperature has a significant and nonlinear effect on the mechanical properties of ASA. The authors recommend using a building chamber temperature of approximately 50 °C as the optimal condition to enhance the mechanical performance of ASA parts produced by FFF/FDM. Although the building chamber temperature is a crucial parameter for controlling shrinkage and enhancing interlayer bonding for thermally sensitive materials like ASA, this factor has not been thoroughly investigated. Indeed, there is still almost no research on the influence of printing environment temperature on the quality of 3D-printed products using the FDM method. This study aims to fill that research gap, confirming that the building chamber temperature has a significant and nonlinear effect on the mechanical properties of ASA, where low ambient temperatures may lead to poor interlayer adhesion and excessively high temperatures can cause deformation or reduced structural stability.