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<p>This study presents an effective approach for synthesizing hydrophobic reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and fabricating rGO reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs) with rGO contents of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 wt.% using a powder metallurgy route. Dual speed ball milling combined with hot press sintering was employed to achieve uniform dispersion and densification of the composites. The synthesized rGO exhibited higher thermal stability than graphene oxide (GO), enabling it to maintain structural integrity during high temperature sintering. Among all compositions, the Al–rGO composite containing 0.5 wt.% rGO showed the best overall performance, attaining a relative density of 98.41% and a hardness of 67.76 ± 12.35 HV, which is a 5.6% improvement over the base aluminum matrix. Increasing the rGO content to 0.5 wt.% significantly enhanced tribological performance, reducing the coefficient of friction from 0.308 to 0.235 and decreasing wear depth by 28.14%. Improved scratch resistance was also observed, with the lowest scratch depth (69.06&#xa0;µm) and scratch width (0.28&#xa0;µm). The addition of rGO transformed the dominant wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive, providing effective solid lubrication. However, at 1 wt.% rGO, particle agglomeration reduced density and hardness, leading to inferior wear and scratch resistance.</p>

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Reduced Graphene Oxide Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites for Improved Tribological Behavior via Powder Metallurgy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Kishor Kumar Sadhu,
  • Prabhat Kumar Prajapati,
  • Nilrudra Mandal,
  • Rashmi R. Sahoo

摘要

This study presents an effective approach for synthesizing hydrophobic reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and fabricating rGO reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs) with rGO contents of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 wt.% using a powder metallurgy route. Dual speed ball milling combined with hot press sintering was employed to achieve uniform dispersion and densification of the composites. The synthesized rGO exhibited higher thermal stability than graphene oxide (GO), enabling it to maintain structural integrity during high temperature sintering. Among all compositions, the Al–rGO composite containing 0.5 wt.% rGO showed the best overall performance, attaining a relative density of 98.41% and a hardness of 67.76 ± 12.35 HV, which is a 5.6% improvement over the base aluminum matrix. Increasing the rGO content to 0.5 wt.% significantly enhanced tribological performance, reducing the coefficient of friction from 0.308 to 0.235 and decreasing wear depth by 28.14%. Improved scratch resistance was also observed, with the lowest scratch depth (69.06 µm) and scratch width (0.28 µm). The addition of rGO transformed the dominant wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive, providing effective solid lubrication. However, at 1 wt.% rGO, particle agglomeration reduced density and hardness, leading to inferior wear and scratch resistance.