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<p>To address the high friction coefficient and inadequate wear resistance of TC4 titanium alloy in precision friction components, a body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice-structured Sn-Ag-Cu composite (BCC-SAC) was fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) combined with vacuum pressure infiltration. The tribological performance and synergistic lubrication mechanism of the composite were systematically investigated. Results indicate that the Sn-Ag-Cu phase is uniformly distributed within the lattice pores, yielding a fully densified sample with structural stability. Compared to monolithic TC4, BCC-SAC shows a markedly reduced coefficient of friction under loads of 10-20&#xa0;N. Under dry sliding, the friction coefficient decreases from 0.46-0.51 to as low as 0.26 (44.1% reduction), while under grease lubrication, it is reduced from 0.196-0.349 to 0.131-0.164. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the BCC architecture enables effective load distribution and functions as a reservoir for lubricant storage. During sliding, frictional heating promotes the formation of a continuous Sn-Ag-Cu-based lubricating film. The application of grease enhances the cohesion and durability of this film, resulting in a composite lubrication system that integrates structural resilience, solid lubrication, and grease film synergy. This study presents a promising strategy for the design of structured self-lubricating components utilizing lightweight titanium alloys.</p>

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Synergistic Design and Tribological Performance Optimization of TC4-Based BCC Lattice Sn-Ag-Cu Composite Structures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Junpeng Pan,
  • Xiaoliang Shi,
  • Chaohua Wu,
  • Haobing Hu,
  • Haowen Qin,
  • Yuxuan Chen,
  • Qipeng Huang

摘要

To address the high friction coefficient and inadequate wear resistance of TC4 titanium alloy in precision friction components, a body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice-structured Sn-Ag-Cu composite (BCC-SAC) was fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) combined with vacuum pressure infiltration. The tribological performance and synergistic lubrication mechanism of the composite were systematically investigated. Results indicate that the Sn-Ag-Cu phase is uniformly distributed within the lattice pores, yielding a fully densified sample with structural stability. Compared to monolithic TC4, BCC-SAC shows a markedly reduced coefficient of friction under loads of 10-20 N. Under dry sliding, the friction coefficient decreases from 0.46-0.51 to as low as 0.26 (44.1% reduction), while under grease lubrication, it is reduced from 0.196-0.349 to 0.131-0.164. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the BCC architecture enables effective load distribution and functions as a reservoir for lubricant storage. During sliding, frictional heating promotes the formation of a continuous Sn-Ag-Cu-based lubricating film. The application of grease enhances the cohesion and durability of this film, resulting in a composite lubrication system that integrates structural resilience, solid lubrication, and grease film synergy. This study presents a promising strategy for the design of structured self-lubricating components utilizing lightweight titanium alloys.