Electrodeposited Zn-Doped Co3O4 Thin Films on Stainless Steel as Binder-Free Pseudocapacitive Electrodes for Supercapacitors
摘要
The growing global population and depletion of fossil fuels have intensified the demand for sustainable energy storage technologies. Among these, supercapacitors have emerged as promising candidates due to their high-power density and long cycle life. However, their performance strongly depends on the nature of the electrode material. In this study, cobalt oxide (Co3O4) thin films were successfully deposited on stainless steel (SS-304) substrates via a facile electrodeposition method, and zinc (Zn) doping was employed to tailor their electrochemical behaviour. Structural analyses using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of phase-pure Co3O4, while AFM and FE-SEM revealed a porous surface morphology favourable for ion transport. Energy Dispersive x-ray Analysis (EDAX) and x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) used for elemental analysis. Electrochemical performance evaluated through cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated pseudocapacitive behaviour with enhanced conductivity upon Zn doping. The optimized 4% Zn-doped Co3O4 film exhibited a remarkable specific capacitance of 682 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, representing a 39% improvement over pristine Co3O4. These findings highlight the potential of Zn-doped Co3O4 thin films as cost-effective and efficient electrode materials for advanced supercapacitors.